C#使用Socket实现心跳的方法示例

下面是详细讲解“C#使用Socket实现心跳的方法示例”的完整攻略。

什么是心跳

心跳指的是客户端与服务器之间的心跳包交互，它是一种保证连接持续性和可靠性的机制。通过心跳包交互，客户端与服务器之间能够实时检测对方的存活状态，进而做出相应的处理，比如重连或关闭连接。

C#使用Socket实现心跳的方法

在C#中，我们可以通过Socket类来实现心跳包交互。实现步骤如下：

建立Socket连接：

Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
socket.Connect(IPAddress.Parse("服务器IP地址"), 服务器端口号);

发送心跳包：

string heartbeat = "heartbeat";
byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(heartbeat);
socket.Send(data, data.Length, SocketFlags.None);

接收服务器响应：

byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int receivedLength = socket.Receive(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None);
string receivedData = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer, 0, receivedLength);
if (receivedData == "ok")
{
    //服务器正常响应，连接保持有效
}
else
{
    //服务器异常响应，需要重连或关闭连接
}

设置定时器发送心跳包：

Timer timer = new Timer((obj) =>
{
    string heartbeat = "heartbeat";
    byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(heartbeat);
    socket.Send(data, data.Length, SocketFlags.None);
}, null, 0, 5000);

这样就实现了使用Socket发送心跳包的功能。

示例说明

下面给出两个示例来说明如何使用Socket发送心跳包。

示例1：客户端发送心跳包，服务器正常响应

客户端代码：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

namespace SocketHeartbeat
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
                socket.Connect(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 6666);

                Timer timer = new Timer((obj) =>
                {
                    string heartbeat = "heartbeat";
                    byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(heartbeat);
                    socket.Send(data, data.Length, SocketFlags.None);
                }, null, 0, 5000);

                while (true)
                {
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                    int receivedLength = socket.Receive(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None);
                    string receivedData = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer, 0, receivedLength);
                    if (receivedData == "ok")
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("收到服务器正常响应，连接保持有效");
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("收到服务器异常响应，需要重连或关闭连接");
                        break;
                    }
                }

                socket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
                socket.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("发生异常：" + ex.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

服务器代码：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace SocketHeartbeat
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
                socket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 6666));
                socket.Listen(100);

                Console.WriteLine("服务器启动成功，监听本地6666端口...");

                Socket clientSocket = socket.Accept();

                Console.WriteLine("客户端连接成功，客户端地址：" + clientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());

                while (true)
                {
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                    int receivedLength = clientSocket.Receive(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None);
                    string receivedData = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer, 0, receivedLength);
                    if (receivedData == "heartbeat")
                    {
                        string response = "ok";
                        byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(response);
                        clientSocket.Send(data, data.Length, SocketFlags.None);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("客户端发送了非法数据：" + receivedData);
                        break;
                    }
                }

                clientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
                clientSocket.Close();
                socket.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("发生异常：" + ex.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

示例2：客户端发送心跳包，服务器异常响应