下面是“利用Python自动监控网站并发送邮件告警的方法”的完整攻略:
1. 准备工作
在开始实现自动监控网站并发送邮件告警之前,我们需要先进行以下准备工作:
- 安装Python环境并配置好路径
- 安装必要的模块,例如requets、bs4、smtplib、email等
- 准备一个邮件账号(如QQ邮箱)作为发送告警邮件的邮箱,并开启POP3/SMTP服务
2. 实现网站监控脚本
接下来,我们需要编写一个Python脚本来实现网站监控功能,具体步骤如下:
2.1 导入模块
在脚本开头,我们需要先导入必要的Python模块,例如requests、bs4等,示例代码如下:
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import time
2.2 定义函数
接下来,我们需要定义一个监控函数,该函数用于获取网站内容并进行监控。我们可以按照以下步骤编写监控函数:
- 使用requests模块获取网站内容
- 使用BeautifulSoup模块对网站内容进行解析
- 判断是否存在需要监控的关键字,若存在则返回True,反之返回False
示例代码如下:
def monitor_website():
url = 'http://xxx.com'
keyword = 'xxx'
try:
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
if keyword in soup.get_text():
return True
else:
return False
except:
return False
2.3 循环监控
接下来,我们需要使用一个无限循环来监控网站,代码如下:
while True:
if not monitor_website():
# 发送告警邮件
send_email('xxx@qq.com', 'Website Alert', 'Website xxx is down!')
time.sleep(60)
以上代码中,每隔60秒循环一次,若监控函数返回False,则发送邮件告警。
3. 发送告警邮件
最后,我们需要编写一个函数来发送告警邮件,代码如下:
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr
def send_email(to_addr, subject, content):
from_addr = 'xxx@qq.com'
password = 'xxx' # 邮箱授权码,非登录密码
msg = MIMEText(content)
msg['From'] = formataddr(('Website Monitor', from_addr))
msg['To'] = to_addr
msg['Subject'] = subject
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.qq.com', 587)
server.starttls()
server.login(from_addr, password)
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
server.quit()
print('email sent')
except:
print('email failed to send')
示例
下面是两个示例,一个针对监控网站的HTTP状态码,一个针对监控关键字:
示例1:监控网站HTTP状态码
import requests
import time
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr
def send_email(to_addr, subject, content):
from_addr = 'xxx@qq.com'
password = 'xxx' # 邮箱授权码,非登录密码
msg = MIMEText(content)
msg['From'] = formataddr(('Website Monitor', from_addr))
msg['To'] = to_addr
msg['Subject'] = subject
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.qq.com', 587)
server.starttls()
server.login(from_addr, password)
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
server.quit()
print('email sent')
except:
print('email failed to send')
def monitor_website():
url = 'http://xxx.com'
try:
response = requests.get(url)
if response.status_code == 200:
return True
else:
return False
except:
return False
while True:
if not monitor_website():
# 发送告警邮件
send_email('xxx@qq.com', 'Website Alert', 'Website xxx is down!')
time.sleep(60)
示例2:监控网站关键字
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import time
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr
def send_email(to_addr, subject, content):
from_addr = 'xxx@qq.com'
password = 'xxx' # 邮箱授权码,非登录密码
msg = MIMEText(content)
msg['From'] = formataddr(('Website Monitor', from_addr))
msg['To'] = to_addr
msg['Subject'] = subject
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.qq.com', 587)
server.starttls()
server.login(from_addr, password)
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
server.quit()
print('email sent')
except:
print('email failed to send')
def monitor_website():
url = 'http://xxx.com'
keyword = 'xxx'
try:
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
if keyword in soup.get_text():
return True
else:
return False
except:
return False
while True:
if not monitor_website():
# 发送告警邮件
send_email('xxx@qq.com', 'Website Alert', 'Website xxx is down!')
time.sleep(60)
以上就是“利用Python自动监控网站并发送邮件告警的方法”的完整攻略,希望对你有帮助!
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