下面就是详细讲解“Three.js实现脸书元宇宙3D动态Logo效果”的完整攻略。
1. 了解 Three.js
Three.js 是一款使用 WebGL 技术实现的 JavaScript 3D 库，是基于WebGL的抽象封装实现库。 它可以很方便的创建、加载、修改3D 场景，包含了诸如相机、灯光、材质、物体、场景等等的封装。
2. 准备工作
先建立一个场景，初始化一个渲染器，加载 Three.js 库及必要的插件（例如 orbit-control），详见代码示例1：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Three.js实现脸书元宇宙3D动态Logo效果的攻略</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/three.js/r128/three.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/three.js/r128/controls/OrbitControls.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container"></div>
<script>
let container;
let camera, scene, renderer;
let controls;
function init() {
container = document.getElementById( 'container' );
scene = new THREE.Scene();
camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera( 45, container.offsetWidth / container.offsetHeight, 1, 1000 );
camera.position.z = 35;
renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ alpha: true });
renderer.setSize(container.offsetWidth, container.offsetHeight);
container.appendChild(renderer.domElement);
//controls
controls = new OrbitControls( camera, renderer.domElement );
controls.enableDamping = true;
controls.dampingFactor = 0.25;
controls.enableZoom = true;
}
init();
</script>
</body>
</html>
## 3. 加载FB Logo，转化为3D模型
要想将2D的FB Logo加载到3D的场景中，首先需要将其3D化。这里用到了SVGLoader，将SVG格式的logo文件转化为了3D的Mesh，并加入到了场景中。同时我们将logo模型的位置翻转，使其面向摄像机。
详见代码示例2：
var loader = new THREE.SVGLoader();
loader.load( 'facebook.svg', function ( data ) {
var paths = data.paths;
var group = new THREE.Group();
group.scale.multiplyScalar( 0.1 );
group.position.x = - 70;
group.position.y = 70;
group.scale.y *= - 1;
for ( var i = 0; i < paths.length; i ++ ) {
var path = paths[ i ];
var fillColor = path.userData.style.fill;
if ( fillColor !== undefined && fillColor !== 'none' ) {
var material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial( {
color: new THREE.Color().setStyle( fillColor ),
opacity: path.userData.style.fillOpacity,
transparent: path.userData.style.fillOpacity < 1,
side: THREE.DoubleSide,
depthWrite: false,
wireframe: false
} );
var shapes = path.toShapes( true );
for ( var j = 0; j < shapes.length; j ++ ) {
var shape = shapes[ j ];
var geometry = new THREE.ShapeBufferGeometry( shape );
var mesh = new THREE.Mesh( geometry, material );
group.add( mesh );
}
}
var strokeColor = path.userData.style.stroke;
if ( strokeColor !== undefined && strokeColor !== 'none' ) {
var material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial( {
color: new THREE.Color().setStyle( strokeColor ),
opacity: path.userData.style.strokeOpacity,
transparent: path.userData.style.strokeOpacity < 1,
side: THREE.DoubleSide,
depthWrite: false,
wireframe: false
} );
for ( var j = 0, jl = path.subPaths.length; j < jl; j ++ ) {
var subPath = path.subPaths[ j ];
var geometry = THREE.SVGLoader.pointsToStroke( subPath.getPoints(), path.userData.style );
if ( geometry ) {
var mesh = new THREE.Mesh( geometry, material );
group.add( mesh );
}
}
}
}
group.scale.z /= 4;
group.position.x /= 4;
scene.add( group );
} );
4. 添加光源和材质
要想让3D Logo产生立体感，还需要加入光源和材质的设置。我们这里采用的光源为SpotLight，配合着处理细节的材料MeshBasicMaterial，使Logo呈现出轮廓更加明显的效果。
详见代码示例3：
var light = new THREE.SpotLight(0xffffff, 1.2);
light.position.set(0, 5, 20);
scene.add(light);
var material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({
color: 0x000,
wireframe: true,
side: THREE.DoubleSide
});
var blackMaterial = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({
color: 0x000,
side: THREE.DoubleSide
});
5. 调用 render 函数，让场景与相机动起来
在画面中加入一些动画效果，让 Logo和相机动起来。
详见代码示例4：
var step = 0;
function render() {
requestAnimationFrame( render );
controls.update();
step += 0.01;
scene.children[0].rotation.z += 0.01;
scene.children[0].rotation.x = Math.sin(step) / 10;
renderer.render( scene, camera );
}
render();
结束语
以上即为“Three.js实现脸书元宇宙3D动态Logo效果”的完整攻略。通过代码示例的介绍，相信大家对于 Three.js 的相关知识有了进一步的了解，也可以实际操作一下创造出属于自己的3D Logo。
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