C# Socket网络编程实例

下面给大家详细讲解一下“C# Socket网络编程实例”的完整攻略。

引言

在进行网络编程时，我们经常需要使用到Socket
，它是一种协议栈的API，它提供了网络编程在应用层的解决方案。在C#语言中，有着完备的Socket基础类库，我们可以简单的使用C# Socket类来进行网络编程。

Socket 常用方法

1. 创建 Socket

Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, 
    SocketType.Stream, 
    ProtocolType.Tcp);

2. 连接 Socket

IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");//待连接的IP地址
IPEndPoint port = new IPEndPoint(ip, 5000);//待连接的端口号
socket.Connect(port);

3. 发送数据

string sendData = "你好，这是一个网络编程的实例！";
byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sendData);
socket.Send(data);

4. 接收数据

byte[] recvBytes = new byte[1024];
int byteRec = socket.Receive(recvBytes);
string recvData = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(recvBytes, 0, byteRec);

5. 释放 Socket

socket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
socket.Close();

C# Socket编程实例

示例一：Socket TCP通信示例

服务端代码

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace Server
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Socket serverSocket = null;
            try
            {
                serverSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
                    SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
                IPEndPoint ipEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 8000);
                serverSocket.Bind(ipEndPoint);
                serverSocket.Listen(20);
                Console.WriteLine("服务端已启动，等待客户端连接...");

                while (true)
                {
                    Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.Accept();
                    string str = "欢迎连接服务端！";
                    byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);
                    int iLength = clientSocket.Send(buffer);
                    Console.WriteLine("发送消息给客户端成功，消息内容：{0}", str);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("服务器出现异常，异常信息：{0}", ex.Message);
            }
            finally 
            {
                serverSocket?.Close();
            }
        }
    }
}

客户端代码

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace Client
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Socket clientSocket = null;
            try
            {
                clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, 
                    SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
                IPEndPoint ipEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 8000);
                clientSocket.Connect(ipEndPoint);

                if (clientSocket.Connected)
                {
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                    int iLength = clientSocket.Receive(buffer);
                    string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, iLength);
                    Console.WriteLine("接收到服务端消息：{0}", str);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("客户端出现异常，异常信息：{0}", ex.Message);
            }
            finally 
            {
                clientSocket?.Close();
            }
        }
    }
}

示例二：Socket UDP通信示例

服务端代码

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace Server
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Socket server = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, 
                SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
            IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 8080);
            server.Bind(endPoint);
            Console.WriteLine("服务端已启动，等待数据接收...");

            IPEndPoint iep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
            EndPoint ep = (EndPoint)iep;

            while (true)
            {
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                int iLength = server.ReceiveFrom(buffer, ref ep);
                string message = Encoding.Default.GetString(buffer, 0, iLength);
                Console.WriteLine("接受到客户端消息：{0}", message);
            }
        }
    }
}

客户端代码

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace Client
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Socket client = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);

            IPEndPoint iep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 8080);
            string message = "Hello server";
            byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(message);
            client.SendTo(data, data.Length, SocketFlags.None, iep);
            Console.WriteLine("已经向服务端发送数据：{0}", message);
        }
    }
}

以上是本次的完整攻略，希望对你有所帮助。