为了详细讲解“异步http listener 完全并发处理惩罚http恳求的小例子”的完整攻略,我将分以下几个部分逐一介绍:
- 什么是异步http listener?
异步http listener是指在ASP.NET Core中,使用async/await语法和IHostedService接口实现的一个异步http服务。它支持同时处理多个http请求,并能够保证请求的并发处理,从而提高系统的性能。
- 如何实现异步http listener的完全并发处理
在实现异步http listener的完全并发处理时,需要注意以下几点:
(1)使用async/await语法,并在Controller中使用Task.Run方法启动异步任务。
(2)使用SemaphoreSlim类来限制并发请求的数量,从而避免服务器被大量请求卡死。
(3)在应用程序启动时,通过IHostedService接口实现异步任务的启动和停止。
以下是一个示例代码,演示了如何实现异步http listener的完全并发处理:
public class MyController : ControllerBase
{
private static SemaphoreSlim _semaphoreSlim = new SemaphoreSlim(10);
[HttpGet]
public async Task<IActionResult> Index()
{
await _semaphoreSlim.WaitAsync();
try
{
await Task.Delay(1000);
return Ok();
}
finally
{
_semaphoreSlim.Release();
}
}
}
public class MyHostedService : IHostedService
{
private readonly IHostApplicationLifetime _applicationLifetime;
private readonly IWebHostEnvironment _hostingEnvironment;
private readonly IWebApplicationFactory<Startup> _webApplicationFactory;
private readonly CancellationTokenSource _cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
private CancellationToken _cancellationToken;
private IWebHost _webHost;
public MyHostedService(
IHostApplicationLifetime applicationLifetime,
IWebHostEnvironment hostingEnvironment,
IWebApplicationFactory<Startup> webApplicationFactory)
{
_applicationLifetime = applicationLifetime;
_hostingEnvironment = hostingEnvironment;
_webApplicationFactory = webApplicationFactory;
}
public Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
_cancellationToken = cancellationToken;
var webHostBuilder = _webApplicationFactory
.WithWebHostBuilder(builder =>
{
builder
.ConfigureServices(services =>
{
services.AddSingleton<MyController>();
})
.Configure(app =>
{
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
});
});
});
_webHost = webHostBuilder.Start();
_applicationLifetime.ApplicationStopping.Register(() =>
{
_cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
_webHost?.Dispose();
});
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
public Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
_cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
_webHost?.Dispose();
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
public class Startup
{
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddControllers();
services.AddSingleton<IHostedService, MyHostedService>();
services.AddSingleton<IWebApplicationFactory<Startup>, WebApplicationFactory<Startup>>();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
});
}
}
- 示例说明
以下是两个示例说明,演示了异步http listener在实际场景中的使用:
(1)大量用户并发访问某一路由
当用户并发访问某一路由时,如果服务器不能及时处理请求,就会造成请求超时或服务器异常。使用异步http listener可以解决这个问题,它可以同时处理多个http请求,并能够保证请求的并发处理,从而提高系统的性能。
下面是一个示例代码,演示了如何使用异步http listener处理大量用户并发访问:
public class UserController : ControllerBase
{
private readonly IUserService _userService;
public UserController(IUserService userService)
{
_userService = userService;
}
[HttpGet("{id}")]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetById(int id)
{
var user = await _userService.GetByIdAsync(id);
return Ok(user);
}
}
public class UserService : IUserService
{
private readonly IUserRepository _userRepository;
public UserService(IUserRepository userRepository)
{
_userRepository = userRepository;
}
public async Task<User> GetByIdAsync(int id)
{
var user = await _userRepository.GetByIdAsync(id);
if (user == null)
{
throw new Exception($"User with id {id} not found.");
}
return user;
}
}
public class UserRepository : IUserRepository
{
private readonly MyDbContext _dbContext;
public UserRepository(MyDbContext dbContext)
{
_dbContext = dbContext;
}
public async Task<User> GetByIdAsync(int id)
{
var user = await _dbContext.Users.FindAsync(id);
return user;
}
}
public interface IUserService
{
Task<User> GetByIdAsync(int id);
}
public interface IUserRepository
{
Task<User> GetByIdAsync(int id);
}
public class User
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
public class MyDbContext : DbContext
{
public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; }
protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
{
optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer("Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=MyDb;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true");
}
}
public class MyHostedService : IHostedService
{
private readonly IHostApplicationLifetime _applicationLifetime;
private readonly IWebHostEnvironment _hostingEnvironment;
private readonly IWebApplicationFactory<Startup> _webApplicationFactory;
private readonly CancellationTokenSource _cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
private CancellationToken _cancellationToken;
private IWebHost _webHost;
public MyHostedService(
IHostApplicationLifetime applicationLifetime,
IWebHostEnvironment hostingEnvironment,
IWebApplicationFactory<Startup> webApplicationFactory)
{
_applicationLifetime = applicationLifetime;
_hostingEnvironment = hostingEnvironment;
_webApplicationFactory = webApplicationFactory;
}
public Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
_cancellationToken = cancellationToken;
var webHostBuilder = _webApplicationFactory
.WithWebHostBuilder(builder =>
{
builder
.ConfigureServices(services =>
{
services.AddDbContext<MyDbContext>(options =>
{
options.UseSqlServer("Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=MyDb;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true");
});
services.AddScoped<IUserService, UserService>();
services.AddScoped<IUserRepository, UserRepository>();
services.AddSingleton<UserController>();
})
.Configure(app =>
{
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
});
});
});
_webHost = webHostBuilder.Start();
_applicationLifetime.ApplicationStopping.Register(() =>
{
_cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
_webHost?.Dispose();
});
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
public Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
_cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
_webHost?.Dispose();
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
public class Startup
{
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddControllers();
services.AddSingleton<IHostedService, MyHostedService>();
services.AddSingleton<IWebApplicationFactory<Startup>, WebApplicationFactory<Startup>>();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
});
}
}
(2)使用异步http listener处理复杂计算任务
当需要处理复杂的计算任务时,如果使用同步请求,就会阻塞线程,导致系统响应变慢。使用异步http listener可以解决这个问题,它可以将计算任务异步地提交到后台处理,从而避免阻塞线程。
下面是一个示例代码,演示了如何使用异步http listener处理复杂计算任务:
public class CalculationController : ControllerBase
{
[HttpGet("{number}")]
public async Task<IActionResult> Factorial(int number)
{
var result = await Task.Run(() => CalculateFactorial(number));
return Ok(result);
}
private static long CalculateFactorial(int number)
{
long result = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= number; i++)
{
result *= i;
}
return result;
}
}
public class MyHostedService : IHostedService
{
private readonly IHostApplicationLifetime _applicationLifetime;
private readonly IWebHostEnvironment _hostingEnvironment;
private readonly IWebApplicationFactory<Startup> _webApplicationFactory;
private readonly CancellationTokenSource _cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
private CancellationToken _cancellationToken;
private IWebHost _webHost;
public MyHostedService(
IHostApplicationLifetime applicationLifetime,
IWebHostEnvironment hostingEnvironment,
IWebApplicationFactory<Startup> webApplicationFactory)
{
_applicationLifetime = applicationLifetime;
_hostingEnvironment = hostingEnvironment;
_webApplicationFactory = webApplicationFactory;
}
public Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
_cancellationToken = cancellationToken;
var webHostBuilder = _webApplicationFactory
.WithWebHostBuilder(builder =>
{
builder
.ConfigureServices(services =>
{
services.AddSingleton<CalculationController>();
services.AddSingleton<IHostedService, MyHostedService>();
})
.Configure(app =>
{
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
});
});
});
_webHost = webHostBuilder.Start();
_applicationLifetime.ApplicationStopping.Register(() =>
{
_cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
_webHost?.Dispose();
});
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
public Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
_cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
_webHost?.Dispose();
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
}
public class Startup
{
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddControllers();
services.AddSingleton<IHostedService, MyHostedService>();
services.AddSingleton<IWebApplicationFactory<Startup>, WebApplicationFactory<Startup>>();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
});
}
}
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