下面是详细的Python自动化xpath实现自动抢票抢货的攻略:
什么是xpath?
XPath是一门在XML文档中查找信息的语言,可以用于HTML文档的解析。XPath通过元素和属性进行遍历,并支持逻辑运算、通配符和函数等功能,是实现自动化抢票、抢货等功能的重要工具之一。
Python自动化xpath实现自动抢票抢货步骤
-
安装必要的库:
selenium
和lxml
python
pip install selenium
pip install lxml -
使用selenium打开网页
```python
from selenium import webdriverurl = "https://www.xxx.com"
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get(url)
``` -
找到需要抢购的元素,获取它的xpath
```python
from lxml import etreehtml = browser.page_source
tree = etree.HTML(html)xpath = tree.xpath("//div[@class='item']")
```上面是一个示例,假设需要抢购的物品都在一个class为item的div中,通过
tree.xpath()
方法获取到该div元素的xpath。xpath的写法需要根据具体情况调整。 -
使用循环实现自动抢购
```python
for x in range(10):
html = browser.page_source # 获取当前页面的HTML文本
tree = etree.HTML(html) # 使用lxml解析HTML文本# 获取需要抢购的元素的xpath xpath = tree.xpath("//div[@class='item']") # 如果元素存在,则点击抢购按钮 if len(xpath) > 0: button_xpath = xpath[0] + "//button[@class='buy']" button = browser.find_element_by_xpath(button_xpath) button.click() else: # 如果元素不存在,则刷新页面重新获取 browser.refresh()
关闭浏览器
browser.quit()
``` -
增加各种不同的处理逻辑,例如登录、验证码识别、限制购买数量等。
示例说明
下面是两个示例,分别是在淘宝网和京东网自动抢购iPhone手机的示例:
淘宝自动抢购iPhone
- 打开淘宝手机端页面:
https://m.taobao.com
- 登录淘宝账号
- 进入“我的购物车”页面,找到需要抢购的iPhone商品,获取它的xpath
- 在循环中判断该商品是否可以购买,如果可以,则点击购买按钮
from selenium import webdriver
from lxml import etree
import time
url = "https://m.taobao.com"
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get(url)
# 登录淘宝账号
time.sleep(10) # 需要手动登录,所以等待10秒
browser.save_screenshot("taobao_0.png")
# 进入我的购物车
cart_url = "https://h5.m.taobao.com/cart/order.html"
browser.get(cart_url)
time.sleep(3)
browser.save_screenshot("taobao_1.png")
# 获取需要购买的商品的xpath
html = browser.page_source
tree = etree.HTML(html)
xpath = tree.xpath("//div[@class='item']/div[@class='item-right']")
# 循环判断能否购买商品并点击购买按钮
for item_xpath in xpath:
title_xpath = item_xpath.xpath("./div[@class='item-title']/a")
title = ""
if len(title_xpath) > 0:
title = title_xpath[0].text
price_xpath = item_xpath.xpath("./div[@class='item-price']/span")
price = ""
if len(price_xpath) > 0:
price = price_xpath[0].text
# 判断商品价格是否正确
if "iPhone" in title and price == "¥ 6999":
button_xpath = item_xpath.xpath("./div[@class='item-ops']/a[@class='buy']")
if len(button_xpath) > 0:
button = browser.find_element_by_xpath(button_xpath[0])
button.click()
browser.save_screenshot("taobao_2.png")
break
# 关闭浏览器
browser.quit()
京东自动抢购iPhone
- 打开京东网首页:
https://www.jd.com
- 登录京东账号
- 进入iPhone商品页面,获取需要抢购的商品的xpath
- 在循环中判断该商品是否可以购买,如果可以,则点击购买按钮
from selenium import webdriver
from lxml import etree
import time
url = "https://www.jd.com"
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
browser.get(url)
# 登录京东账号
login_url = "https://passport.jd.com/new/login.aspx"
browser.get(login_url)
time.sleep(10) # 需要手动登录,所以等待10秒
browser.save_screenshot("jd_0.png")
# 进入iPhone页面
iphone_url = "https://search.jd.com/Search?keyword=iphone&enc=utf-8"
browser.get(iphone_url)
time.sleep(3)
browser.execute_script("window.scrollBy(0,500)")
browser.save_screenshot("jd_1.png")
# 获取需要购买的商品的xpath
html = browser.page_source
tree = etree.HTML(html)
xpath = tree.xpath("//div[@class='gl-i-wrap']")
# 循环判断能否购买商品并点击购买按钮
for item_xpath in xpath:
title_xpath = item_xpath.xpath("./div[@class='p-name']/a/em")
title = ""
if len(title_xpath) > 0:
title = title_xpath[0].text
price_xpath = item_xpath.xpath("./div[@class='p-price']/strong[@class='J_" + "price']/i")
price = ""
if len(price_xpath) > 0:
price = price_xpath[0].text
# 判断商品价格是否正确
if "iPhone" in title and float(price) == 6999.0:
button_xpath = item_xpath.xpath("./div[@class='p-action']/a[@class='btn']")
if len(button_xpath) > 0:
button = browser.find_element_by_xpath(button_xpath[0])
button.click()
browser.save_screenshot("jd_2.png")
break
# 关闭浏览器
browser.quit()
本站文章如无特殊说明,均为本站原创,如若转载,请注明出处:Python自动化xpath实现自动抢票抢货 - Python技术站