和前端交互全部使用JSON,如何将数据库查询结果转换成JSON格式

环境

Win10
Python2.7
Django 1.8.11

返回多条数据

示例

import json
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.core import serializers
def db_to_json(request):
    scripts = Scripts.objects.all()[0:1]
    json_data = serializers.serialize('json', scripts)
    return HttpResponse(json_data, content_type="application/json")

返回结果

[{
	"fields": {
		"script_content": "abc",
		"script_type": "1"
	},
	"model": "home_application.scripts",
	"pk": "03a0a7cf-567a-11e9-8566-9828a60543bb"
}]

功能实现了,但是我需要返回一个约定好的JSON格式,查询结果放在 data 中

 {"message": 'success', "code": '0', "data": []}

代码如下:

import json
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.core import serializers
def db_to_json2(request):
    # 和前端约定的返回格式
    result = {"message": 'success', "code": '0', "data": []}
    scripts = Scripts.objects.all()[0:1]
    # 序列化为 Python 对象
    result["data"] = serializers.serialize('python', scripts)
    # 转换为 JSON 字符串并返回
    return HttpResponse(json.dumps(result), content_type="application/json")

调用结果

{
	"message": "success",
	"code": "0",
	"data": [{
		"fields": {
			"script_content": "abc",
			"script_type": "1"
		},
		"model": "home_application.scripts",
		"pk": "03a0a7cf-567a-11e9-8566-9828a60543bb"
	}]
}

有点难受的是,每条数据对象包含 fields,model,pk三个对象,分别代表字段、模型、主键,我更想要一个只包含所有字段的字典对象。虽然也可以处理,但还是省点性能,交给前端解析吧。

返回单个对象

代码:

from django.forms.models import model_to_dict
from django.http import HttpResponse
import json
def obj_json(request):
    pk = request.GET.get('script_id')

    script = Scripts.objects.get(pk=pk)
    # 转为字典类型
    script = model_to_dict(script)

    return HttpResponse(json.dumps(script), content_type="application/json")

返回JSON:

{
	"script_id": "1534d8f0-59ad-11e9-a310-9828a60543bb",
	"script_content": "3",
	"script_name": "3",
	"script_type": "1"
}