Java搭建RabbitMq消息中间件过程详解

以下是Java搭建RabbitMQ消息中间件过程详解的完整攻略，包含两个示例说明。

示例1：简单队列模式

步骤1：安装RabbitMQ

首先，您需要安装RabbitMQ。您可以从RabbitMQ官网下载适合您操作系统的安装包进行安装。

步骤2：添加依赖

在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
    <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.3</version>
</dependency>

步骤3：发送消息

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class Producer {

    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "my_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        try (Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
             Channel channel = connection.createChannel()) {
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
            String message = "Hello World!";
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
            System.out.println("Message sent: " + message);
        }
    }
}

步骤4：接收消息

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Consumer {

    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "my_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        System.out.println("Waiting for messages...");
        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
            System.out.println("Message received: " + message);
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });
    }
}

步骤5：运行程序

运行发送消息的程序后，您将看到以下输出：

Message sent: Hello World!

运行接收消息的程序后，您将看到以下输出：

Waiting for messages...
Message received: Hello World!

示例2：工作队列模式

步骤1：安装RabbitMQ

同示例1。

步骤2：添加依赖

同示例1。

步骤3：发送消息

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class Producer {

    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "my_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        try (Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
             Channel channel = connection.createChannel()) {
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
            for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
                String message = "Message " + i;
                channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
                System.out.println("Message sent: " + message);
            }
        }
    }
}

步骤4：接收消息

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Consumer {

    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "my_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        System.out.println("Waiting for messages...");
        channel.basicQos(1);
        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
            System.out.println("Message received: " + message);
            try {
                Thread.sleep(5000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("Message processed");
            channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });
    }
}

步骤5：运行程序

运行发送消息的程序后，您将看到以下输出：

Message sent: Message 1
Message sent: Message 2
Message sent: Message 3
Message sent: Message 4
Message sent: Message 5
Message sent: Message 6
Message sent: Message 7
Message sent: Message 8
Message sent: Message 9
Message sent: Message 10

运行接收消息的程序后，您将看到以下输出：

Waiting for messages...
Message received: Message 1
Message processed
Message received: Message 2
Message processed
Message received: Message 3
Message processed
Message received: Message 4
Message processed
Message received: Message 5
Message processed
Message received: Message 6
Message processed
Message received: Message 7
Message processed
Message received: Message 8
Message processed
Message received: Message 9
Message processed
Message received: Message 10
Message processed

以上就是Java搭建RabbitMQ消息中间件过程详解的完整攻略，包含两个示例说明。