Oracle和SQL Server都提供了许多系统函数,这些函数可以用于执行各种操作,例如字符串操作、日期操作、数学操作等。虽然这两个数据库系统的函数有许多相似之处,但也有一些不同之处。以下是“ORACLE系统函数大全SQLSERVER系统函数的异同”的完整攻略,包括系统函数的概述、示例说明等。
系统函数的概述
Oracle和SQL Server都提供了许多系统函数,这些函数可以用于执行各种操作,例如字符串操作、日期操作、数学操作等。以下是一些常用的系统函数:
字符串函数
函数 | Oracle | SQL Server |
---|---|---|
CONCAT | 不支持 | CONCAT |
INSTR | INSTR | CHARINDEX |
LENGTH | LENGTH | LEN |
LOWER | LOWER | LOWER |
LPAD | LPAD | LEFT |
LTRIM | LTRIM | LTRIM |
REPLACE | REPLACE | REPLACE |
RPAD | RPAD | RIGHT |
RTRIM | RTRIM | RTRIM |
SUBSTR | SUBSTR | SUBSTRING |
TRIM | TRIM | LTRIM/RTRIM |
日期函数
函数 | Oracle | SQL Server |
---|---|---|
ADD_MONTHS | ADD_MONTHS | DATEADD |
CURRENT_DATE | SYSDATE | GETDATE |
EXTRACT | EXTRACT | DATEPART |
LAST_DAY | 不支持 | EOMONTH |
MONTHS_BETWEEN | MONTHS_BETWEEN | DATEDIFF |
NEXT_DAY | 不支持 | DATEADD |
ROUND | ROUND | DATEADD |
SYSDATE | SYSDATE | GETDATE |
TRUNC | TRUNC | CONVERT |
数学函数
函数 | Oracle | SQL Server |
---|---|---|
ABS | ABS | ABS |
CEIL | CEIL | CEILING |
FLOOR | FLOOR | FLOOR |
GREATEST | GREATEST | 不支持 |
LEAST | LEAST | 不支持 |
MOD | MOD | % |
POWER | POWER | POWER |
ROUND | ROUND | ROUND |
SIGN | SIGN | SIGN |
SQRT | SQRT | SQRT |
TRUNC | TRUNC | TRUNC |
示例说明
以下是两个示例说明,演示了如何使用Oracle和SQL Server的系统函数。
示例一:字符串函数
-- Oracle
SELECT CONCAT('Hello', ' ', 'World') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT INSTR('Hello World', 'o') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT LENGTH('Hello World') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT LOWER('Hello World') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT LPAD('Hello', 10, '*') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT LTRIM(' Hello World ') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT REPLACE('Hello World', 'o', '0') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT RPAD('Hello', 10, '*') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT RTRIM(' Hello World ') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT SUBSTR('Hello World', 2, 5) AS result FROM dual;
SELECT TRIM(' Hello World ') AS result FROM dual;
-- SQL Server
SELECT CONCAT('Hello', ' ', 'World') AS result;
SELECT CHARINDEX('o', 'Hello World') AS result;
SELECT LEN('Hello World') AS result;
SELECT LOWER('Hello World') AS result;
SELECT LEFT('Hello', 10) AS result;
SELECT LTRIM(' Hello World ') AS result;
SELECT REPLACE('Hello World', 'o', '0') AS result;
SELECT RIGHT('Hello', 10) AS result;
SELECT RTRIM(' Hello World ') AS result;
SELECT SUBSTRING('Hello World', 2, 5) AS result;
SELECT LTRIM(RTRIM(' Hello World ')) AS result;
该示例演示了如何使用Oracle和SQL Server的字符串函数。在Oracle中,使用dual表来测试函数。在SQL Server中,不需要使用任何表。
示例二:日期函数
-- Oracle
SELECT ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE, 1) AS result FROM dual;
SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM SYSDATE) AS result FROM dual;
SELECT MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE, '2023-01-01') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT ROUND(SYSDATE, 'MM') AS result FROM dual;
SELECT TRUNC(SYSDATE, 'MM') AS result FROM dual;
-- SQL Server
SELECT DATEADD(MONTH, 1, GETDATE()) AS result;
SELECT DATEPART(YEAR, GETDATE()) AS result;
SELECT DATEDIFF(MONTH, '2023-01-01', GETDATE()) AS result;
SELECT DATEADD(MONTH, DATEDIFF(MONTH, 0, GETDATE()), 0) AS result;
SELECT CONVERT(DATE, GETDATE()) AS result;
该示例演示了如何使用Oracle和SQL Server的日期函数。在Oracle中,使用dual表来测试函数。在SQL Server中,不需要使用任何表。
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