.net的socket异步通讯示例分享

下面我将为您详细讲解“.NET的Socket异步通讯示例分享”的攻略。

一、什么是Socket异步通讯

在计算机网络中，Socket（套接字）是指一个可以收发信息的网络通信端点，常用于客户端与服务器之间的通信。异步通讯是指通讯双方在任何时候都可以独立地发送和接收消息，不需要等待对方的响应。

在.NET中，可以使用Socket类实现Socket异步通讯，它提供了一组异步操作方法，使程序可以实现非阻塞式的通讯，从而提高程序的效率和可靠性。

二、Socket异步通讯的示例

1. 服务器端异步通讯示例

下面是一个简单的服务器端异步通讯示例，它使用了Socket类的BeginAccept方法异步等待客户端的连接请求，并在连接成功后使用BeginReceive方法异步接收客户端发送的数据：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

class Program
{
    static readonly Socket listenSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        listenSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 8888));
        listenSocket.Listen(100);
        Console.WriteLine("Server started, waiting for clients...");

        Accept();
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    static void Accept()
    {
        listenSocket.BeginAccept(ar =>
        {
            var client = listenSocket.EndAccept(ar);
            Console.WriteLine($"Client connected: {client.RemoteEndPoint}");

            var buffer = new byte[1024];
            client.BeginReceive(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, Receive, client);
            Accept();
        }, null);
    }

    static void Receive(IAsyncResult ar)
    {
        var client = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
        int bytesRead = client.EndReceive(ar);
        if (bytesRead > 0)
        {
            var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
            Console.WriteLine($"Message received from {client.RemoteEndPoint}: {message}");
            client.BeginReceive(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, Receive, client);
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Client disconnected: {client.RemoteEndPoint}");
            client.Close();
        }
    }
}

2. 客户端异步通讯示例

下面是一个简单的客户端异步通讯示例，它使用了Socket类的BeginConnect方法异步连接服务器，并在连接成功后使用BeginSend方法异步发送数据：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var client = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

        client.BeginConnect(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 8888), ar =>
        {
            client.EndConnect(ar);
            Console.WriteLine($"Connected to server: {client.RemoteEndPoint}");

            var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Hello from client");
            client.BeginSend(message, 0, message.Length, SocketFlags.None, Send, client);
        }, null);

        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    static void Send(IAsyncResult ar)
    {
        var client = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
        client.EndSend(ar);
        Console.WriteLine("Message sent to server");

        var buffer = new byte[1024];
        client.BeginReceive(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, Receive, client);
    }

    static void Receive(IAsyncResult ar)
    {
        var client = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
        int bytesRead = client.EndReceive(ar);
        if (bytesRead > 0)
        {
            var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
            Console.WriteLine($"Message received from server: {message}");
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Server disconnected");
            client.Close();
        }
    }
}

以上就是两个简单的Socket异步通讯示例，它们实现了非阻塞式的通讯，能够提高程序的效率和可靠性。