Python简单读取json文件功能示例

下面将带你一步步了解“Python简单读取json文件功能示例”的完整攻略。

什么是JSON文件？

JSON是JavaScript对象表示法（JavaScript Object Notation）的缩写，是一种轻量级的数据格式，通常用于数据交换和存储。使用JSON作为数据传输格式具有结构化、易读、易解析等优点。

Python读取JSON文件

Python自带了json包，用于处理JSON文件。下面我们将演示如何使用Python读取JSON文件。

示例一

假设有以下的JSON文件：

{
  "name": "Alice",
  "age": 20,
  "gender": "Female",
  "hobbies": ["Reading", "Swimming", "Traveling"],
  "address": {
    "country": "China",
    "city": "Beijing"
  }
}

那么我们可以通过以下代码读取JSON文件并打印数据：

import json

with open('data.json') as f:
    data = json.load(f)

print(data)

输出结果如下：

{
  "name": "Alice",
  "age": 20,
  "gender": "Female",
  "hobbies": ["Reading", "Swimming", "Traveling"],
  "address": {
    "country": "China",
    "city": "Beijing"
  }
}

示例二

假设有以下的JSON文件：

[
  {
    "name": "Alice",
    "age": 20,
    "gender": "Female",
    "hobbies": ["Reading", "Swimming", "Traveling"],
    "address": {
      "country": "China",
      "city": "Beijing"
    }
  },
  {
    "name": "Bob",
    "age": 25,
    "gender": "Male",
    "hobbies": ["Music", "Hiking"],
    "address": {
      "country": "USA",
      "city": "New York"
    }
  }
]

那么我们可以通过以下代码读取JSON文件并打印数据：

import json

with open('data.json') as f:
    data = json.load(f)

for item in data:
    print(item)

输出结果如下：

{
  "name": "Alice",
  "age": 20,
  "gender": "Female",
  "hobbies": ["Reading", "Swimming", "Traveling"],
  "address": {
    "country": "China",
    "city": "Beijing"
  }
}
{
  "name": "Bob",
  "age": 25,
  "gender": "Male",
  "hobbies": ["Music", "Hiking"],
  "address": {
    "country": "USA",
    "city": "New York"
  }
}

总结

通过上述两个示例，我们可以看到Python读取JSON文件的方法非常简单。使用json包可以轻松实现将JSON文件读取为Python对象，方便进行后续处理。