1 操作系统配置

1.1 RAID 配置

建议使用RAID 10,生产环境建议使用物理机,最好使用SSD。

RAID相关参数推荐设置如下:

1、Write Policy设置为WriteBack(WB).

2、Read Policy设置为ReadAdaptive或者normal,数据库服务器不建议设置ReadAhead.

3、IO Policy设置为Direct .

1.2 最大打开文件数|进程数

# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
*  soft  nofile    65535
*  hard  nofile   65535
*  soft        nproc         65535
*  hard        nproc         65535

1.3 关闭NUMA

1、可以在bios中关闭(物理机推荐使用这种方式进行修改);

2、/etc/grub.conf的kernel行最后添加numa=off和/boot/grub/grub.conf  2个文件都要改,最后添加numa=off。

1.4 内核参数优化

# vim  /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.file-max = 65536
vm.min_free_kbytes = 1048576
vm.swappiness = 10
vm.dirty_ratio = 10
vm.vfs_cache_pressure=150
vm.dirty_ratio = 10
vm.overcommit_memory = 1
vm.drop_caches = 1
kernel.panic = 60
net.core.somaxconn = 8192
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8192
vm.zone_reclaim_mode = 0

1.5 IO调度算法

推荐使用deadline或者noop调度算法。

命令如下(临时生效):

# echo {SCHEDULER-NAME} > /sys/block/{DEVICE-NAME}/queue/scheduler

DEVICE-NAME: 如sda、sdb等

然后在/etc/rc.local中加入

echo {SCHEDULER-NAME} > /sys/block/{DEVICE-NAME}/queue/scheduler

1.6 关闭THP

# echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
# echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

然后在/etc/rc.local中加入

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

 

2 数据库安装

2.1 安装系统依赖包

# yum install -y nc rsync screen lrzsz expect cmake make gcc gcc-c++ perl bison bc thread libaio libaio-devel zlib zlib-devel nc python python-devel cmake ncurses-devel scurses sysstat perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-CPAN perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Config-Tiny perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Config-IniFiles

2.2 创建用户

# groupadd mysql
# useradd -g mysql mysql

2.3目录规划

数据文件目录:/u02/my3306/data

日志文件目录:/u02/my3306/log/iblog 

binlog日志目录: /u02/my3306/log/binlog

临时目录: /u02/my3306/tmp

运行目录: /u02/my3306/run

# mkdir -p /data/my3306
# mkdir -p /u02/my3306/data
# mkdir -p /u02/my3306/log/iblog
# mkdir -p /u02/my3306/log/binlog
# mkdir -p  /u02/my3306/tmp
# mkdir -p /u02/my3306/run# chown -R mysql:mysql /u02/my3306

 

2.4解压编译

# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.6.35/
# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql5.6 \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

# make
# make install

 

2.5 创建参数文件

# vim /u02/my3306/my.cnf
[client]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8mb4
socket=/u02/my3306/mysql.sock

[mysql]
pid_file=/u02/my3306/run/mysqld.pid
default-character-set=utf8mb4
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
default-time-zone = '+8:00'
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
autocommit=1
general_log=off
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

# GTID gtid
-mode = ON enforce_gtid_consistency = 1 log_slave_updates = 1 # system basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.6 datadir=/u02/my3306/data max_allowed_packet=1g max_connections=3000 max_user_connections=2800 open_files_limit=65535 pid_file=/u02/my3306/run/mysqld.pid port=3306 server_id=20633306 skip_name_resolve=ON socket=/u02/my3306/run/mysql.sock tmpdir=/u02/my3306/tmp query_cache_type = 0 query_cache_size = 0 read-buffer-size = 32M #binlog log_bin=/u02/my3306/log/binlog/binlog binlog_cache_size=32768 binlog_format=row expire_logs_days=7 log_slave_updates=ON max_binlog_cache_size=2147483648 max_binlog_size=524288000 sync_binlog=100 #logging log_error=/u02/my3306/log/error.log slow_query_log_file=/u02/my3306/log/slow.log log_queries_not_using_indexes=0 slow_query_log=1 log_slave_updates=ON log_slow_admin_statements=1 long_query_time=1 #记录下所有走全表扫描的SQL log-queries-not-using-indexes = 0 #relay relay_log=/u02/my3306/log/relaylog relay_log_index=/u02/my3306/log/relay.index relay_log_info_file=/u02/my3306/log/relay-log.info #slave slave_load_tmpdir=/u02/my3306/tmp slave_skip_errors=OFF #innodb innodb_data_home_dir=/u02/my3306/log/iblog innodb_log_group_home_dir=/u02/my3306/log/iblog innodb_adaptive_flushing=ON innodb_adaptive_hash_index=ON innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=1 innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8 innodb_change_buffering=inserts innodb_checksums=ON innodb_buffer_pool_size= 4G #根据机器实际内存配置 innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:1024M:autoextend innodb_doublewrite=ON innodb_file_format=Barracuda innodb_file_per_table=ON innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT innodb_io_capacity=1000 innodb_lock_wait_timeout=10 innodb_log_buffer_size=67108864 innodb_log_file_size=1048576000 innodb_log_files_in_group=4 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=75 innodb_open_files=60000 innodb_purge_threads=1 innodb_read_io_threads=4 innodb_stats_on_metadata=OFF innodb_support_xa=ON innodb_use_native_aio=OFF innodb_write_io_threads=10 [mysqld_safe] datadir=/u02/my3306/data # chown -R mysql.mysql /u02

2.6 初始化数据库

# cd /usr/local/mysql5.6
# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/u02/my3306/my.cnf --datadir=/u02/my3306/data --user=mysql

2.7 启动数据库

su - mysql -c "/usr/local/mysql5.6/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/u02/my3306/my.cnf &"

2.8 初始化用户,删除test库

# /usr/local/mysql5.6/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /u02/my3306/run/mysql.sock  -e "delete from mysql.user where user='';"
Enter password:   ===>直接Enter
mysql> set password=password('xxxxxxx');   
mysql> drop database test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2.9 登陆数据库

/usr/local/mysql5.6/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /u02/my3306/run/mysql.sock   #然后回车输入root用户密码即可

2.10 关闭数据库

/usr/local/mysql5.6/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /u02/my3306/run/mysql.sock shutdown