Python自动发邮件脚本

下面将为您详解"Python自动发邮件脚本"的完整攻略。

前置知识

在学习Python自动发邮件脚本之前，您需要掌握以下技能：

• Python基础语法
• smtplib模块的基本使用
• 使用SMTP协议发送邮件的基本流程

发送邮件原理

发送邮件的原理是通过SMTP协议，将邮件服务器作为客户端连接到邮件服务器，并进行身份验证后，利用sendmail()方法，将邮件发送给指定的用户。

实现步骤

1. 导入必要模块

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.header import Header

1. 连接邮件服务器

smtp_server = '请输入您的SMTP服务器地址'
smtp_port = 25
smtp_username = '请输入您的发件邮箱'
smtp_password = '请输入您的邮箱授权码'
smtp_sender = '请输入您的发件邮箱'
smtp_receiver = '请输入您的收件邮箱'
smtp_conn = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, smtp_port)
smtp_conn.login(smtp_username, smtp_password)

1. 构造邮件内容

subject = '请输入邮件主题'
text = '请输入邮件内容'
msg = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
msg['From'] = Header(smtp_sender, 'utf-8')
msg['To'] = Header(smtp_receiver, 'utf-8')

1. 发送邮件

smtp_conn.sendmail(smtp_sender, smtp_receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp_conn.quit()

示例说明

示例1：发送普通文本邮件

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header

smtp_server = '请输入您的SMTP服务器地址'
smtp_port = 25
smtp_username = '请输入您的发件邮箱'
smtp_password = '请输入您的邮箱授权码'
smtp_sender = '请输入您的发件邮箱'
smtp_receiver = '请输入您的收件邮箱'

smtp_conn = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, smtp_port)
smtp_conn.login(smtp_username, smtp_password)

subject = 'python自动发送邮件'
text = '测试邮件内容，来自python自动发送邮件脚本'

msg = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
msg['From'] = Header(smtp_sender, 'utf-8')
msg['To'] = Header(smtp_receiver, 'utf-8')

smtp_conn.sendmail(smtp_sender, smtp_receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp_conn.quit()

示例2：发送带图片和附件的邮件

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.header import Header

smtp_server = '请输入您的SMTP服务器地址'
smtp_port = 25
smtp_username = '请输入您的发件邮箱'
smtp_password = '请输入您的邮箱授权码'
smtp_sender = '请输入您的发件邮箱'
smtp_receiver = '请输入您的收件邮箱'

smtp_conn = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, smtp_port)
smtp_conn.login(smtp_username, smtp_password)

subject = 'Python自动发送邮件'
text = '请查收邮件'
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = smtp_sender
msg['To'] = smtp_receiver

# 添加文本
text_msg = MIMEText(text)
msg.attach(text_msg)

# 添加图片
with open('image.png', 'rb') as f:
    image_msg = MIMEImage(f.read())
image_msg.add_header('Content-ID', '<image>')
msg.attach(image_msg)

# 添加附件
with open('document.docx', 'rb') as f:
    doc_msg = MIMEText(f.read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
doc_msg['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
doc_msg.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='document.docx')
msg.attach(doc_msg)

smtp_conn.sendmail(smtp_sender, smtp_receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp_conn.quit()

以上就是"Python自动发邮件脚本"的完整攻略了。希望对您有所帮助。