安卓手机socket通信（服务器和客户端）

安卓手机socket通信（服务器和客户端）攻略

要实现安卓手机之间的socket通信，需要涉及到两个角色：服务器和客户端。服务器用于监听客户端的请求，客户端则向服务器发送请求并接收响应。以下是详细攻略。

创建服务器

1. 添加网络权限

在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加网络权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

2. 创建ServerSocket

使用ServerSocket可以监听客户端请求。在服务器端创建一个ServerSocket，并指定一个端口号，等待客户端连接：

try {
    ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
    Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

3. 接收客户端请求

当客户端连接成功时，可以通过Socket获取输入流和输出流，进行通信：

try {
    InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
    OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();             
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

创建客户端

1. 添加网络权限

在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加网络权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

2. 连接服务器

客户端通过Socket连接服务器，需要指定服务器的IP地址和端口号：

try {
    Socket socket = new Socket("192.168.0.100", 8888);
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

3. 向服务器发送请求

客户端向服务器发送请求，可以通过输出流写入数据：

try {
    OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
    String message = "Hello Server!";
    byte[] bytes = message.getBytes();
    outputStream.write(bytes);
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

4. 接收服务器响应

客户端从服务器接收响应，可以通过输入流读取数据：

try {
    InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
    byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
    int len;
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    while ((len = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1) {
        String s = new String(bytes, 0, len);
        sb.append(s);
    }
    String response = sb.toString();
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

完整示例

以下是一个完整的安卓手机socket通信示例，包含服务器和客户端两部分：

服务器部分

public class ServerActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "ServerActivity";

    private TextView mTvMessage;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_server);

        mTvMessage = findViewById(R.id.tv_message);

        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
                Log.d(TAG, "server started.");

                Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
                Log.d(TAG, "client connected.");

                InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
                OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();

                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                int len;
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                    String s = new String(buffer, 0, len);
                    sb.append(s);
                }

                String request = sb.toString();
                Log.d(TAG, "request: " + request);

                String response = "Hello Client!";
                outputStream.write(response.getBytes());
                Log.d(TAG, "response: " + response);

                serverSocket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }).start();
    }
}

客户端部分

public class ClientActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "ClientActivity";

    private EditText mEtMessage;
    private TextView mTvResponse;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_client);

        mEtMessage = findViewById(R.id.et_message);
        mTvResponse = findViewById(R.id.tv_response);

        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8888);
                Log.d(TAG, "connected.");

                OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
                String message = mEtMessage.getText().toString();
                byte[] bytes = message.getBytes();
                outputStream.write(bytes);

                InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                int len;
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                    String s = new String(buffer, 0, len);
                    sb.append(s);
                }

                String response = sb.toString();
                Log.d(TAG, "response: " + response);
                runOnUiThread(() -> mTvResponse.setText(response));

                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }).start();
    }
}

以上就是安卓手机socket通信的完整攻略及示例。注意，在实际应用中，客户端和服务器的代码应该分别放在不同的应用中，以实现不同应用之间的socket通信。