详解 Corba开发之Java实现Service与Client
什么是 Corba
Common Object Request Broker Architecture(通用对象请求代理架构,简称CORBA)是一种用于构建分布式系统的中间件技术。它可以实现对象之间的交互,并提供了完整的面向对象的支持。CORBA尤其适用于企业级应用,包括电信、金融、航空、医疗等领域。
Java实现 CORBA Service
在Java中实现CORBA Service,需要遵循以下步骤:
- 定义IDL接口:使用Interface Definition Language(IDL,接口定义语言)定义CORBA的服务接口,声明接口的所有方法等信息。
module HelloApp {
interface HelloWorld {
string sayHello();
};
};
-
从IDL生成Java代码:使用IDL编译器将IDL接口转换为Java代码。一般使用omniORB或者JacORB等开源IDL编译器,也可以使用商业的ORB产品。
-
实现 Service:编写实现IDL接口的Java类,实现每个接口方法。实现的方式类似于编写普通Java类。
public class HelloWorldImpl extends HelloApp._HelloWorldImplBase {
public String sayHello() {
return "Hello, CORBA!";
}
}
- 注册 Service:为了让其他应用程序使用CORBA Service,需要将该服务注册到ORB(Object Request Broker,对象请求代理)中。ORB是CORBA环境的核心组件,可以将分布式对象请求路由到正确的目标。
try {
// 创建ORB实例
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
// 创建并激活servant
HelloWorldImpl helloImpl = new HelloWorldImpl();
// 将servant注册到ORB中
orb.connect(helloImpl);
// 获得NamingContext的引用
org.omg.CORBA.Object objRef = orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService");
NamingContextExt ncRef = NamingContextExtHelper.narrow(objRef);
// 绑定servant到名称
String name = "Hello";
NameComponent path[] = ncRef.to_name(name);
ncRef.rebind(path, helloImpl);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Error: " + e);
e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}
Java实现 CORBA Client
在Java中实现CORBA Client,需要遵循以下步骤:
-
生成 Stub 类:使用IDL编译器将IDL接口转换为Java代码后,会生成一个Stub类。该类包含了所定义的接口,可以在客户端调用时被使用。
-
创建 ORB 实例:客户端需要创建一个ORB实例,以便与远程服务进行通信。
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
- 获取NamingService:客户端需要获得名称服务的引用,以查找远程对象。
org.omg.CORBA.Object objRef = orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService");
NamingContextExt ncRef = NamingContextExtHelper.narrow(objRef);
- 查找服务对象:客户端需要使用名称服务的引用来获取CORBA Service的引用。
String name = "Hello";
HelloWorld helloRef = HelloWorldHelper.narrow(ncRef.resolve_str(name));
- 调用远程服务:客户端调用 CORBA Service 的方法,就像调用普通Java对象一样。
String result = helloRef.sayHello();
System.out.println(result);
示例1:实现一个简单的计算器服务
- 定义IDL接口:
module CalculatorApp {
interface Calculator {
long add(in long x, in long y);
long subtract(in long x, in long y);
long multiply(in long x, in long y);
long divide(in long x, in long y);
};
};
- 从IDL生成Java代码:
idlj -fall Calculator.idl
- 实现 Service:
public class CalculatorImpl extends CalculatorApp._CalculatorImplBase {
public long add(long x, long y) {
return x + y;
}
public long subtract(long x, long y) {
return x - y;
}
public long multiply(long x, long y) {
return x * y;
}
public long divide(long x, long y) {
if (y == 0) {
return 0;
}
return x / y;
}
}
- 注册 Service:
try {
// 创建ORB实例
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
// 创建并激活servant
CalculatorImpl calcImpl = new CalculatorImpl();
// 将servant注册到ORB中
orb.connect(calcImpl);
// 获得NamingContext的引用
org.omg.CORBA.Object objRef = orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService");
NamingContextExt ncRef = NamingContextExtHelper.narrow(objRef);
// 绑定servant到名称
String name = "Calculator";
NameComponent path[] = ncRef.to_name(name);
ncRef.rebind(path, calcImpl);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Error: " + e);
e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}
- 实现 Client:
public static void main(String args[]) {
try {
// 创建ORB实例
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
// 获取NamingService的引用
org.omg.CORBA.Object objRef = orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService");
NamingContextExt ncRef = NamingContextExtHelper.narrow(objRef);
// 查找Calculator的引用
String name = "Calculator";
Calculator calcRef = CalculatorHelper.narrow(ncRef.resolve_str(name));
// 调用远程接口
long x = 100;
long y = 50;
long result = calcRef.add(x, y);
System.out.println(x + " + " + y + " = " + result);
result = calcRef.subtract(x, y);
System.out.println(x + " - " + y + " = " + result);
result = calcRef.multiply(x, y);
System.out.println(x + " * " + y + " = " + result);
result = calcRef.divide(x, y);
System.out.println(x + " / " + y + " = " + result);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Error: " + e);
e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}
}
示例2:实现一个简单的文件上传服务器
- 定义IDL接口:
module FileTransfer {
interface FileTransfer {
boolean uploadFile(in string fileName, in octetSeq fileData);
octetSeq downloadFile(in string fileName);
};
};
- 从IDL生成Java代码:
idlj -fall FileTransfer.idl
- 实现 Service:
public class FileTransferImpl extends FileTransferApp._FileTransferImplBase {
public boolean uploadFile(String fileName, byte[] fileData) {
try {
FileOutputStream fileStream = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
fileStream.write(fileData);
fileStream.close();
return true;
} catch (IOException e) {
return false;
}
}
public byte[] downloadFile(String fileName) {
try {
FileInputStream fileStream = new FileInputStream(fileName);
byte[] data = new byte[fileStream.available()];
fileStream.read(data);
fileStream.close();
return data;
} catch (IOException e) {
return new byte[0];
}
}
}
- 注册 Service:
try {
// 创建ORB实例
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
// 创建并激活servant
FileTransferImpl fileImpl = new FileTransferImpl();
// 将servant注册到ORB中
orb.connect(fileImpl);
// 获得NamingContext的引用
org.omg.CORBA.Object objRef = orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService");
NamingContextExt ncRef = NamingContextExtHelper.narrow(objRef);
// 绑定servant到名称
String name = "FileTransfer";
NameComponent path[] = ncRef.to_name(name);
ncRef.rebind(path, fileImpl);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Error: " + e);
e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}
- 实现 Client:
public static void main(String args[]) {
try {
// 创建ORB实例
ORB orb = ORB.init(args, null);
// 获取NamingService的引用
org.omg.CORBA.Object objRef = orb.resolve_initial_references("NameService");
NamingContextExt ncRef = NamingContextExtHelper.narrow(objRef);
// 查找FileTransfer的引用
String name = "FileTransfer";
FileTransfer fileRef = FileTransferHelper.narrow(ncRef.resolve_str(name));
// 上传文件
String fileName = "test.txt";
byte[] fileData = "Hello, CORBA!".getBytes();
boolean result = fileRef.uploadFile(fileName, fileData);
if (result) {
System.out.println("File uploaded successfully.");
} else {
System.out.println("File upload failed.");
}
// 下载文件
byte[] downloadData = fileRef.downloadFile(fileName);
String downloadString = new String(downloadData);
System.out.println("File content: " + downloadString);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Error: " + e);
e.printStackTrace(System.out);
}
}
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