下面是“SpringBoot导入mail依赖报错问题解决”的完整攻略:
问题背景
我们在使用SpringBoot开发邮件发送功能时,通常需要导入mail依赖。但是在导入依赖时,可能会出现以下报错:
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/mail/MessagingException
这是因为在JavaEE6以上版本中,JavaMail API已不在JDK中,而是分为独立的包。所以在使用JavaMail前,需要手动下载JavaMail API包,并将它加入项目的classpath中。
解决方案
步骤一:下载JavaMail API包
JavaMail API包下载地址:https://javaee.github.io/javamail/
我们下载最新版的JavaMail API包(目前是1.6.2)。
步骤二:将JavaMail API包添加到项目中
将下载的JavaMail API包解压后,将其中的javax.mail.jar
文件复制到项目的classpath
路径下(如/lib
或/WEB-INF/lib
目录)。
步骤三:修改pom.xml文件
在项目的pom.xml文件中,添加以下依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
<version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>
示例一:使用JavaMail发送简单邮件
以下是一个使用JavaMail发送简单邮件的示例代码:
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
public class MailSender {
private static final String SMTP_HOST = "smtp.qq.com";
private static final int SMTP_PORT = 465;
private static final String ACCOUNT = "your_account@qq.com";
private static final String PASSWORD = "your_password";
private static final String FROM_ADDRESS = "your_account@qq.com";
private static final String TO_ADDRESS = "to_address@qq.com";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", SMTP_HOST);
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.port", String.valueOf(SMTP_PORT));
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
Authenticator authenticator = new Authenticator() {
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(ACCOUNT, PASSWORD);
}
};
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, authenticator);
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(FROM_ADDRESS));
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(TO_ADDRESS));
message.setSubject("Test Email");
message.setText("This is a test email.");
Transport.send(message);
System.out.println("Email sent successfully.");
}
}
示例二:使用SpringBoot发送邮件
以下是一个使用SpringBoot发送邮件的示例代码:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
@SpringBootApplication
public class MailSenderApplication {
@Autowired
private MailProperties mailProperties;
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MailSenderApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
public JavaMailSender javaMailSender() {
JavaMailSenderImpl javaMailSender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
javaMailSender.setHost(mailProperties.getHost());
javaMailSender.setPort(mailProperties.getPort());
javaMailSender.setUsername(mailProperties.getUsername());
javaMailSender.setPassword(mailProperties.getPassword());
return javaMailSender;
}
public void sendMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
message.setFrom(mailProperties.getUsername());
message.setTo(to);
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setText(content);
javaMailSender().send(message);
}
}
总结
在使用SpringBoot开发邮件发送功能时,需要手动下载JavaMail API包,并将它加入项目的classpath中。同时,我们还可以使用SpringBoot提供的JavaMailSender
来发送邮件。
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