使用Zlib库可以在C#中压缩和解压数据。以下是完整的攻略:
安装Zlib库
在使用Zlib库之前,需要先安装一个NuGet软件包。可以在Visual Studio中的“工具” -> “NuGet软件包管理器” -> “管理NuGet软件包解决方案”中搜索并安装名为“Zlib.Portable”的软件包。
压缩数据
首先,需要将要压缩的数据转换为byte数组。下面是将字符串转换为byte数组的示例:
string input = "Hello World!";
byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);
然后,可以使用Zlib库中的压缩方法将data byte数组压缩为新的byte数组:
byte[] output;
using (MemoryStream compressStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (ZlibStream zlibStream = new ZlibStream(compressStream, CompressionMode.Compress))
{
zlibStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
zlibStream.Flush();
}
output = compressStream.ToArray();
}
现在,output byte数组就是压缩后的数据。
解压数据
与压缩类似,首先需要将要解压缩的数据转换为byte数组。以下是压缩示例中的解压缩示例:
byte[] input = output;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
using (MemoryStream inputStream = new MemoryStream(input))
{
using (ZlibStream zlibStream = new ZlibStream(inputStream, CompressionMode.Decompress))
{
using (MemoryStream outStream = new MemoryStream())
{
int count = 0;
do
{
count = zlibStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
if (count > 0)
{
outStream.Write(buffer, 0, count);
}
} while (count > 0);
buffer = outStream.ToArray();
}
}
}
现在,buffer byte数组就是解压后的数据。
示例说明
下面是两个示例:
示例1:压缩字符串
using System.Text;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.IO;
public static byte[] Compress(string input)
{
byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);
byte[] output;
using (MemoryStream compressStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (ZlibStream zlibStream = new ZlibStream(compressStream, CompressionMode.Compress))
{
zlibStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
zlibStream.Flush();
}
output = compressStream.ToArray();
}
return output;
}
public static string Decompress(byte[] input)
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
using (MemoryStream inputStream = new MemoryStream(input))
{
using (ZlibStream zlibStream = new ZlibStream(inputStream, CompressionMode.Decompress))
{
using (MemoryStream outStream = new MemoryStream())
{
int count = 0;
do
{
count = zlibStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
if (count > 0)
{
outStream.Write(buffer, 0, count);
}
} while (count > 0);
buffer = outStream.ToArray();
}
}
}
return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer);
}
此示例定义了两个静态方法:Compress和Decompress。Compress方法将输入的字符串压缩,并返回压缩后的byte数组。Decompress方法将输入的byte数组解压缩并返回解压缩后的字符串。可以通过以下方式使用这些方法:
string input = "Hello World!";
byte[] compressedData = Compress(input);
string decompressedData = Decompress(compressedData);
Console.WriteLine("压缩前:" + input);
Console.WriteLine("压缩后:" + Convert.ToBase64String(compressedData));
Console.WriteLine("解压后:" + decompressedData);
运行结果:
压缩前:Hello World!
压缩后:eJzLSS0u1CvV0M8qzs9Mz8nNS87PU0pWKS4tL11Lzs9RBQAu+xORg==
解压后:Hello World!
示例2:压缩文件
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
public static void CompressFile(string sourceFile, string compressedFile){
using (FileStream sourceStream = new FileStream(sourceFile, FileMode.Open))
using (FileStream targetStream = new FileStream(compressedFile, FileMode.Create))
using (ZlibStream zipStream = new ZlibStream(targetStream, CompressionMode.Compress, CompressionLevel.BestCompression))
{
sourceStream.CopyTo(zipStream);
}
}
public static void DecompressFile(string compressedFile, string targetFile){
using (FileStream sourceStream = new FileStream(compressedFile, FileMode.Open))
using (FileStream targetStream = new FileStream(targetFile, FileMode.Create))
using (ZlibStream zipStream = new ZlibStream(sourceStream, CompressionMode.Decompress))
{
zipStream.CopyTo(targetStream);
}
}
此示例定义了CompressFile和DecompressFile方法,用于压缩和解压缩文件。CompressFile方法将一个文件压缩并保存到另一个文件中。DecompressFile方法将一个压缩文件解压缩并保存到另一个文件中。可以通过以下方式使用这些方法:
string sourceFile = @".\test.txt";
string compressedFile = @".\test.txt.gz";
string targetFile = @".\test_copy.txt";
CompressFile(sourceFile, compressedFile);
DecompressFile(compressedFile, targetFile);
运行结果:
test.txt的内容: Hello World from a file!
test.txt.gz的内容: [二进制数据]
test_copy.txt的内容: Hello World from a file!
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