JavaWeb实现学生信息管理系统(1)

JavaWeb实现学生信息管理系统需要以下步骤：

1. 环境搭建

首先需要搭建好JavaWeb开发环境，包括JDK和IDE等工具，以及Tomcat服务器。可以参考相关教程进行安装配置。

2. 创建项目

在IDE中创建一个新的JavaWeb项目，并创建所需的数据库表。可以使用MySQL等关系型数据库进行创建，具体表结构可以根据实际需求进行设计。

3. 编写JavaBean

创建一个JavaBean类作为模型，用于存储学生信息，包括学号、姓名、性别、年龄等属性，以及对应的getter和setter方法。

示例：

public class Student {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private int age;

    //getter和setter方法
}

4. 编写DAO层

在DAO层中，通过JDBC连接数据库，实现对学生信息的增删改查操作。可以使用PreparedStatement等工具类进行操作。同时，建议使用连接池进行连接管理。

示例：

public class StudentDAO {
    //连接池
    private DataSource ds;

    //查询所有学生信息
    public List<Student> findAll() throws SQLException {
        List<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();
        Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM student";
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
        while (rs.next()) {
            Student student = new Student();
            student.setId(rs.getString("id"));
            student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
            student.setSex(rs.getString("sex"));
            student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
            students.add(student);
        }
        rs.close();
        pstmt.close();
        conn.close();
        return students;
    }

    //根据学号查询学生信息
    public Student findById(String id) throws SQLException {
        Student student = null;
        Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE id=?";
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        pstmt.setString(1, id);
        ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
        if (rs.next()) {
            student = new Student();
            student.setId(rs.getString("id"));
            student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
            student.setSex(rs.getString("sex"));
            student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
        }
        rs.close();
        pstmt.close();
        conn.close();
        return student;
    }

    //添加学生信息
    public void add(Student student) throws SQLException {
        Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
        String sql = "INSERT INTO student VALUES (?,?,?,?)";
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        pstmt.setString(1, student.getId());
        pstmt.setString(2, student.getName());
        pstmt.setString(3, student.getSex());
        pstmt.setInt(4, student.getAge());
        pstmt.executeUpdate();
        pstmt.close();
        conn.close();
    }

    //根据学号删除学生信息
    public void delete(String id) throws SQLException {
        Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
        String sql = "DELETE FROM student WHERE id=?";
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        pstmt.setString(1, id);
        pstmt.executeUpdate();
        pstmt.close();
        conn.close();
    }

    //更新学生信息
    public void update(Student student) throws SQLException {
        Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
        String sql = "UPDATE student SET name=?,sex=?,age=? WHERE id=?";
        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        pstmt.setString(1, student.getName());
        pstmt.setString(2, student.getSex());
        pstmt.setInt(3, student.getAge());
        pstmt.setString(4, student.getId());
        pstmt.executeUpdate();
        pstmt.close();
        conn.close();
    }
}

5. 编写Servlet

在Servlet中，实现与客户端交互，接收用户请求并调用DAO层进行数据操作，最终将结果返回给客户端。建议使用JSP进行视图展示。

示例：

public class StudentServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private StudentDAO dao;

    public void init() throws ServletException {
        dao = new StudentDAO();
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        String action = request.getParameter("action");
        if ("list".equals(action)) {
            try {
                List<Student> students = dao.findAll();
                request.setAttribute("students", students);
                request.getRequestDispatcher("/student_list.jsp").forward(request, response);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else if ("edit".equals(action)) {
            String id = request.getParameter("id");
            try {
                Student student = dao.findById(id);
                request.setAttribute("student", student);
                request.getRequestDispatcher("/student_edit.jsp").forward(request, response);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else if ("delete".equals(action)) {
            String id = request.getParameter("id");
            try {
                dao.delete(id);
                response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/StudentServlet?action=list");
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        String action = request.getParameter("action");
        if ("add".equals(action)) {
            Student student = new Student();
            student.setId(request.getParameter("id"));
            student.setName(request.getParameter("name"));
            student.setSex(request.getParameter("sex"));
            student.setAge(Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("age")));
            try {
                dao.add(student);
                response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/StudentServlet?action=list");
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else if ("update".equals(action)) {
            Student student = new Student();
            student.setId(request.getParameter("id"));
            student.setName(request.getParameter("name"));
            student.setSex(request.getParameter("sex"));
            student.setAge(Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("age")));
            try {
                dao.update(student);
                response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/StudentServlet?action=list");
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

以上就是JavaWeb实现学生信息管理系统的完整攻略，其中涉及到了JavaBean、DAO层、Servlet等技术，同时需要注意相关的数据库配置和视图展示。