下面是详细的攻略,首先需要明确的是,实现一个炫酷的日历组件需要涉及到许多知识点,包括 Vue 组件化、CSS 动画、日期计算等等。因此,分别从这些方面来介绍实现过程。
1. Vue 组件化
首先,我们需要将日历组件拆分成多个组件,以便于管理和复用。
组件分为年、月、日期三个层级。
Year.vue
:
<template>
<div class="year">
<h2>{{ year }}</h2>
<Month
v-for="month in 12"
:key="month"
:year="year"
:month="month"
/>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Month from '@/components/Month.vue'
export default {
name: 'Year',
props: {
year: {
type: Number,
required: true
}
},
components: {
Month
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.year {
/* 样式 */
}
</style>
Month.vue
:
<template>
<div class="month">
<h3>{{ year }}年{{ month }}月</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>日</th>
<th>一</th>
<th>二</th>
<th>三</th>
<th>四</th>
<th>五</th>
<th>六</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr v-for="(week, index) in weeks" :key="index">
<td v-for="day in week" :key="day">
<span v-if="day !== null">{{ day }}</span>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import { getMonthDays, getMonthWeeks } from '@/utils/date'
export default {
name: 'Month',
props: {
year: {
type: Number,
required: true
},
month: {
type: Number,
required: true
}
},
computed: {
weeks () {
const days = getMonthDays(this.year, this.month)
const weeks = getMonthWeeks(this.year, this.month)
const prevMonthDays = getMonthDays(this.year, this.month - 1)
const nextMonthDays = getMonthDays(this.year, this.month + 1)
const firstDayWeek = new Date(`${this.year}-${this.month}-01`).getDay()
const monthDays = [...Array(days)].map((_, i) => i + 1)
const prevMonthDaysArr = [...Array(firstDayWeek)].map((_, i) => prevMonthDays - firstDayWeek + i + 1)
const nextMonthDaysArr = [...Array(weeks * 7 - days - firstDayWeek)].map((_, i) => i + 1)
return [...prevMonthDaysArr, ...monthDays, ...nextMonthDaysArr].reduce((result, item, index) => {
if (index % 7 === 0) {
result.push([])
}
result[result.length - 1].push(item > days ? item - days : item)
return result
}, [])
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.month {
/* 样式 */
}
</style>
Date.vue
:
<template>
<div class="date">
<div class="date-header">
<button @click="prevYear"><<</button>
<button @click="prevMonth"><</button>
<h3>{{ year }}年{{ month }}月{{ date }}日</h3>
<button @click="nextMonth">></button>
<button @click="nextYear">>></button>
</div>
<Month :year="year" :month="month" />
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Month from '@/components/Month.vue'
export default {
name: 'Date',
components: {
Month
},
data () {
return {
year: new Date().getFullYear(),
month: new Date().getMonth() + 1,
date: new Date().getDate()
}
},
methods: {
prevYear () {
this.year -= 1
},
nextYear () {
this.year += 1
},
prevMonth () {
if (this.month === 1) {
this.prevYear()
this.month = 12
} else {
this.month -= 1
}
},
nextMonth () {
if (this.month === 12) {
this.nextYear()
this.month = 1
} else {
this.month += 1
}
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.date {
/* 样式 */
}
</style>
2. CSS 动画
为了让日历组件有更好的用户体验,我们可以添加 CSS 动画来实现一些效果,比如月份切换的滑动效果。
.month {
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}
.month-enter {
position: absolute;
left: 100%;
opacity: 0;
}
.month-enter-active {
left: 0;
opacity: 1;
transition: all .5s;
}
.month-leave {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
opacity: 1;
}
.month-leave-active {
left: -100%;
opacity: 0;
transition: all .5s;
}
3. 日期计算
最后,在计算日期时,可以借助 Date 对象和其他一些模块来实现计算。
// 获取一个月的天数
export function getMonthDays (year, month) {
return new Date(year, month, 0).getDate()
}
// 获取一个月的周数
export function getMonthWeeks (year, month) {
const days = getMonthDays(year, month)
const firstDayWeek = new Date(`${year}-${month}-01`).getDay()
const lastDayWeek = new Date(`${year}-${month}-${days}`).getDay()
return Math.ceil((days + firstDayWeek + (6 - lastDayWeek)) / 7)
}
至此,一个简单的、可复用的、具有一定动画效果的炫酷日历组件就完成了,代码已经包含了以上所有的组件及工具函数,你可以根据自己的需求对其进行完善和优化。
示例:
你可以在 CodePen 查看该日历组件的完整示例。
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