error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1

启动 nginx 时报错：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

查看依赖库

ldd $(which /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx)
	linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffff1599000)
	libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fe954f5b000)
	libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007fe954d3c000)
	libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00007fe954b04000)
	libluajit-5.1.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libluajit-5.1.so.2 (0x00007fe954894000)
	libpcre.so.1 => not found
	libssl.so.1.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.1 (0x00007fe95462a000)
	libcrypto.so.1.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.1 (0x00007fe9541b2000)
	libz.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libz.so.1 (0x00007fe953f94000)
	libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fe953ba3000)
	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fe9554b0000)
	libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007fe953805000)
	libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007fe9535ed000)

猜测可能有以下 3 种原因：

  1. 未安装 PCRE
  2. libpcre.so.1 名字不对
  3. 未设置 LD_LIBRARY_PATH

安装 PCRE，不用多说。安装完之后仍出现以上报错呢。？

find / -name libpcre.so.1

发现找不到 libpcre.so.1 怎么办

到 /usr/local/lib 目录下查看

ls -l libpcre.so*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     17 7月   4 09:06 libpcre.so -> libpcre.so.1.2.10
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 508296 7月   4 09:06 libpcre.so.1.2.10

发现原来是名字不对，遂设置软连接

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1.2.10 libpcre.so.1

设置完软连接重启 nginx 发现仍然无法解决问题。

设置 LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

查看依赖库

ldd $(which /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx)
	linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffda9323000)
	libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f01627f9000)
	libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f01625da000)
	libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00007f01623a2000)
	libluajit-5.1.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libluajit-5.1.so.2 (0x00007f0162132000)
	libpcre.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 (0x00007f0161f14000)
	libssl.so.1.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.1 (0x00007f0161caa000)
	libcrypto.so.1.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.1 (0x00007f0161832000)
	libz.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libz.so.1 (0x00007f0161614000)
	libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f0161223000)
	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f0162d4e000)
	libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f0160e85000)
	libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f0160c6d000)

最终，问题解决。