Python实现iOS自动化打包详解步骤

本文介绍使用Python脚本实现iOS自动化打包的详细步骤。

准备工作

在开始之前，我们需要先准备好以下工具和材料：

1. 一台Mac电脑
2. Xcode
3. iOS开发者账号
4. Python3

打包脚本编写

1. 创建python脚本文件，例如 build.py
2. 导入必要的模块

python
import os
import subprocess

1. 配置参数

python
# 项目名称
PROJECT_NAME = 'MyProject'
# 工作目录
WORKSPACE_PATH = '/path/to/workspace/'
# 配置文件名称
CONFIG_NAME = 'Release'
# 导出IPA包目录
EXPORT_PATH = '/path/to/export/path/'
# 打包使用的描述文件
PROVISIONING_PROFILE_SPECIFIER = 'MyProvisioningProfile'
# 工程所在路径
PROJECT_PATH = os.path.join(WORKSPACE_PATH, f'{PROJECT_NAME}.xcodeproj')

1. 构建打包命令

``` python
def build():
archive_command = f'xcodebuild -workspace {WORKSPACE_PATH}/{PROJECT_NAME}.xcworkspace \
-scheme {PROJECT_NAME} \
-archivePath {EXPORT_PATH}/{PROJECT_NAME}.xcarchive \
-configuration {CONFIG_NAME} \
-allowProvisioningUpdates \
archive'

   subprocess.call(archive_command, shell=True)

   export_command = f'xcodebuild -exportArchive \
                       -archivePath {EXPORT_PATH}/{PROJECT_NAME}.xcarchive \
                       -exportPath {EXPORT_PATH} \
                       -exportOptionsPlist {WORKSPACE_PATH}/ExportOptions.plist \
                       -verbose'

   subprocess.call(export_command, shell=True)

```

1. 运行打包命令

python
if __name__ == '__main__':
build()

配置ExportOptions.plist文件

在构建export_command时，我们需要指定一个 .plist 文件，用于指定导出IPA包的配置信息：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" \
"http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
    <key>teamID</key>
    <string>YOUR_TEAM_ID</string>
    <key>method</key>
    <string>ad-hoc</string>
    <key>provisioningProfiles</key>
    <dict>
        <key>com.yourcompany.appname</key>
        <string>{PROVISIONING_PROFILE_SPECIFIER}</string>
    </dict>
    <key>uploadBitcode</key>
    <true/>
    <key>uploadSymbols</key>
    <true/>
    <key>signingStyle</key>
    <string>manual</string>
</dict>
</plist>

示例说明

下面给出两个示例说明：

示例一

假设您的项目名为 MyProject，工作目录为 /Users/username/projects/MyProject，打包配置为 Release，IPA导出目录为 /Users/username/export，描述文件名称为 MyProvisioningProfile。那么您的脚本应该是这样的：

import os
import subprocess

PROJECT_NAME = 'MyProject'
WORKSPACE_PATH = '/Users/username/projects/MyProject'
CONFIG_NAME = 'Release'
EXPORT_PATH = '/Users/username/export'
PROVISIONING_PROFILE_SPECIFIER = 'MyProvisioningProfile'
PROJECT_PATH = os.path.join(WORKSPACE_PATH, f'{PROJECT_NAME}.xcodeproj')

def build():
    archive_command = f'xcodebuild -workspace {WORKSPACE_PATH}/{PROJECT_NAME}.xcworkspace \
                        -scheme {PROJECT_NAME} \
                        -archivePath {EXPORT_PATH}/{PROJECT_NAME}.xcarchive \
                        -configuration {CONFIG_NAME} \
                        -allowProvisioningUpdates \
                        archive'

    subprocess.call(archive_command, shell=True)

    export_command = f'xcodebuild -exportArchive \
                        -archivePath {EXPORT_PATH}/{PROJECT_NAME}.xcarchive \
                        -exportPath {EXPORT_PATH} \
                        -exportOptionsPlist {WORKSPACE_PATH}/ExportOptions.plist \
                        -verbose'

    subprocess.call(export_command, shell=True)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    build()

示例二

假设您的项目名为 MyProject，工作目录为 /Users/username/projects/MyProject，打包配置为 Debug，IPA导出目录为 /Users/username/export，描述文件名称为 MyProvisioningProfile。那么您的脚本应该是这样的：

import os
import subprocess

PROJECT_NAME = 'MyProject'
WORKSPACE_PATH = '/Users/username/projects/MyProject'
CONFIG_NAME = 'Debug'
EXPORT_PATH = '/Users/username/export'
PROVISIONING_PROFILE_SPECIFIER = 'MyProvisioningProfile'
PROJECT_PATH = os.path.join(WORKSPACE_PATH, f'{PROJECT_NAME}.xcodeproj')

def build():
    archive_command = f'xcodebuild -workspace {WORKSPACE_PATH}/{PROJECT_NAME}.xcworkspace \
                        -scheme {PROJECT_NAME} \
                        -archivePath {EXPORT_PATH}/{PROJECT_NAME}.xcarchive \
                        -configuration {CONFIG_NAME} \
                        -allowProvisioningUpdates \
                        archive'

    subprocess.call(archive_command, shell=True)

    export_command = f'xcodebuild -exportArchive \
                        -archivePath {EXPORT_PATH}/{PROJECT_NAME}.xcarchive \
                        -exportPath {EXPORT_PATH} \
                        -exportOptionsPlist {WORKSPACE_PATH}/ExportOptions.plist \
                        -verbose'

    subprocess.call(export_command, shell=True)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    build()

注意事项：

1. 更改示例中的参数，以适应您自己的项目
2. 执行脚本时需要在终端中进入脚本所在目录，然后执行 python build.py
3. 请确保您在打包之前已经将应用程序在Xcode中打好，并且已经通过了Xcode的代码签名作业。