java中使用xls格式化xml的实例

下面我将为您详细讲解Java中使用xls格式化XML的实例攻略。

简介

在Java中，我们通常使用第三方库库来生成XML文件，比如DOM、SAX等。但是，有时我们需要生成规范的XML文件格式，这时就需要使用XLS格式化XML文件。XLS是一种基于XML的标记语言，它使用XML格式定义了生成规范的XML文件的规则。

使用xls格式化xml的步骤

使用xls格式化XML文件一般分为以下几步：

1. 定义XLS模板
2. 在Java程序中读取XLS模板文件
3. 使用XLS模板文件生成XML文件

下面我们通过两个示例说明具体步骤。

示例1：使用xls格式化单层XML

假设我们有一个Student对象，它包含三个属性：id、name和age。现在我们要生成一个包含多个Student对象的XML文件。以下是具体步骤：

1. 定义XLS模板

XLS模板文件内容如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
   <Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet1">
      <Table>
         <Row>
            <Cell>ID</Cell>
            <Cell>Name</Cell>
            <Cell>Age</Cell>
         </Row>
         <xsl:for-each select="students/student">
         <Row>
            <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"><xsl:value-of select="id"/></Data></Cell>
            <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"><xsl:value-of select="name"/></Data></Cell>
            <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"><xsl:value-of select="age"/></Data></Cell>
         </Row>
         </xsl:for-each>
      </Table>
   </Worksheet>
</Workbook>

1. 在Java程序中读取XLS模板文件

InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("template.xls");
Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);

1. 使用XLS模板文件生成XML文件

DocumentBuilderFactory docFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder docBuilder = docFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = docBuilder.newDocument();

Element rootElement = doc.createElement("students");
doc.appendChild(rootElement);

Iterator<Student> iterator = studentList.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
    Student student = iterator.next();
    Element studentElement = doc.createElement("student");
    rootElement.appendChild(studentElement);

    Element idElement = doc.createElement("id");
    idElement.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(student.getId()));
    studentElement.appendChild(idElement);

    Element nameElement = doc.createElement("name");
    nameElement.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(student.getName()));
    studentElement.appendChild(nameElement);

    Element ageElement = doc.createElement("age");
    ageElement.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(String.valueOf(student.getAge())));
    studentElement.appendChild(ageElement);
}

TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer(new StreamSource(new StringReader(xslContent)));

StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
transformer.transform(new DOMSource(doc), new StreamResult(writer));

return writer.toString();

示例2：使用xls格式化多层XML

假设我们有一个School对象，它包含多个Student对象。现在我们要生成一个包含多个School对象的XML文件，其中每个School对象包含多个Student对象。以下是具体步骤：

1. 定义XLS模板

XLS模板文件内容如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
   <Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet1">
      <Table>
         <Row>
            <Cell>School Name</Cell>
            <Cell>ID</Cell>
            <Cell>Name</Cell>
            <Cell>Age</Cell>
         </Row>
         <xsl:for-each select="schools/school">
         <Row>
            <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"><xsl:value-of select="@name"/></Data></Cell>
            <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"><xsl:value-of select="student/id"/></Data></Cell>
            <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"><xsl:value-of select="student/name"/></Data></Cell>
            <Cell><Data ss:Type="String"><xsl:value-of select="student/age"/></Data></Cell>
         </Row>
         </xsl:for-each>
      </Table>
   </Worksheet>
</Workbook>

1. 在Java程序中读取XLS模板文件

InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("template.xls");
Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);

1. 使用XLS模板文件生成XML文件

DocumentBuilderFactory docFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder docBuilder = docFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = docBuilder.newDocument();

Element rootElement = doc.createElement("schools");
doc.appendChild(rootElement);

Iterator<School> iterator = schoolList.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
    School school = iterator.next();
    Element schoolElement = doc.createElement("school");
    schoolElement.setAttribute("name", school.getName());
    rootElement.appendChild(schoolElement);

    Iterator<Student> studentIterator = school.getStudents().iterator();
    while (studentIterator.hasNext()) {
        Student student = studentIterator.next();
        Element studentElement = doc.createElement("student");
        schoolElement.appendChild(studentElement);

        Element idElement = doc.createElement("id");
        idElement.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(student.getId()));
        studentElement.appendChild(idElement);

        Element nameElement = doc.createElement("name");
        nameElement.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(student.getName()));
        studentElement.appendChild(nameElement);

        Element ageElement = doc.createElement("age");
        ageElement.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(String.valueOf(student.getAge())));
        studentElement.appendChild(ageElement);
    }
}

TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer(new StreamSource(new StringReader(xslContent)));

StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
transformer.transform(new DOMSource(doc), new StreamResult(writer));

return writer.toString();

以上就是使用xls格式化XML的实例攻略，希望对您有所帮助！