SpringBoot多数据源配置并通过注解实现动态切换数据源

下面就为你详细讲解如何实现Spring Boot多数据源配置，并通过注解实现动态切换数据源的完整攻略。

1. 添加依赖

首先，在pom.xml文件中添加Spring Boot与MySQL相关的依赖:

<dependencies>
    <!-- Spring Boot相关依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- MySQL依赖 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 数据源配置

在application.yaml文件中分别配置两个MySQL数据源：

spring:
  datasource:
    ds1:
      # 第一个数据源配置
      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds1?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
      username: root
      password: root
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    ds2:
      # 第二个数据源配置
      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ds2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
      username: root
      password: root
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

3. 配置数据源路由器

这个路由器类用来动态绑定数据源。

public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {

    private static final ThreadLocal<String> CONTEXT_HOLDER = new ThreadLocal<>();

    public static void setDataSourceKey(String dataSourceKey) {
        CONTEXT_HOLDER.set(dataSourceKey);
    }

    @Override
    protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
        return CONTEXT_HOLDER.get();
    }
}

4. 配置数据源注解（DataSource）

定义注解：

@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface DataSource {
    String name() default "";
}

5. 数据源AOP切面

在切点处自动切换数据源：

@Aspect
@Component
public class DataSourceAspect {

    @Around("@annotation(ds)")
    public Object switchDataSource(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint, DataSource ds) {
        String dsName = ds.name();
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(dsName)) {
            DynamicDataSource.setDataSourceKey("ds1"); // 默认数据源
        } else {
            DynamicDataSource.setDataSourceKey(dsName);
        }
        try {
            return joinPoint.proceed();
        } catch (Throwable throwable) {
            throw new RuntimeException(throwable);
        } finally {
            DynamicDataSource.clearDataSourceKey(); // 清空数据源
        }
    }
}

6. 示例代码

在两个数据源中的UserService中分别注入两个数据源：

@Service
public class UserService {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("ds1")
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate1;

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("ds2")
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate2;

    @DataSource(name = "ds1")
    public void addUser(User user) {
        jdbcTemplate1.update("insert into user(id, username, password) values (?, ?, ?)", user.getId(), user.getUsername(), user.getPassword());
    }

    @DataSource(name = "ds2")
    public void addUser2(User user) {
        jdbcTemplate2.update("insert into user(id, username, password) values (?, ?, ?)", user.getId(), user.getUsername(), user.getPassword());
    }

    // ...
}

7. 测试代码

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class UserServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @Test
    public void addUsersTest() {
        User user1 = new User(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), "User1", "123456");
        User user2 = new User(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), "User2", "123456");

        userService.addUser(user1);
        userService.addUser2(user2);
    }
}

以上就是Spring Boot多数据源配置并通过注解实现动态切换数据源的完整攻略，希望能对你有所帮助。