C#中HttpWebRequest的用法详解
什么是HttpWebRequest
HttpWebRequest是.NET Framework下的类,它提供了让用户使用HTTP协议进行数据交互的API。HttpWebRequest可以用于发送与API的交互、远程服务调用等操作。
HttpWebRequest类关键属性和方法
属性
- Headers
Headers属性是WebHeaderCollection类型,用于设置HTTP请求的特定头部信息。例如,设置User-Agent头信息:
var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com");
request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:21.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/21.0";
- Method
Method属性是一个字符串类型,它表示请求使用的HTTP方法。例如,在使用POST方式进行数据提交时:
var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com");
request.Method = "POST";
- ContentType
ContentType属性是一个字符串类型,它表示请求的MIME类型。例如,在POST方式提交XML数据时:
var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com");
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/xml";
方法
- GetResponse
GetResponse方法发送一个HTTP请求并返回响应。例如:
var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com");
request.Method = "GET";
var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
- GetRequestStream
GetRequestStream方法返回一个可用于写入请求数据的Stream实例。例如,在使用POST方式提交数据时:
var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com");
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/json";
var data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("{ \"name\": \"example\" }");
using (var requestStream = request.GetRequestStream())
{
requestStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
}
var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
示例
示例1:使用HttpWebRequest发送GET请求
var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com");
request.Method = "GET";
var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
using (var reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
{
var result = reader.ReadToEnd();
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
示例2:使用HttpWebRequest发送POST请求
var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com");
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/json";
var data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("{ \"name\": \"example\" }");
using (var requestStream = request.GetRequestStream())
{
requestStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
}
var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
using (var reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
{
var result = reader.ReadToEnd();
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
总结
以上就是HttpWebRequest的常用属性和方法以及两个使用示例。通过这些内容的学习,可以让大家更加轻松的使用C#中的HttpWebRequest类进行网络请求。
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