环境：
系统 硬盘 IP hostname
redhat 7 sda 20G 192.168.0.70 openstack.com
64位 sdb 20G
配置网卡
[root@openstack ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens192 TYPE="Ethernet" BOOTPROTO=static NAME="ens192" ONBOOT="yes" IPADDR=192.168.0.70 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.0.1 DNS1=114.114.114.114
重启网络服务
[root@openstack ~]# systemctl restart network
设置服务器主机名：
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hostname
openstack.com
使用vim编辑器写入主机名（域名）与IP地址的映射文件：
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.0.70 openstack.com openstack
创建镜像挂载目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /media/cdrom
写入镜像挂载信息
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab UUID=77d472ee-2af8-476e-a660-26476775c8f3 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=cfe4ac94-5552-4c94-a707-4bfdac1b4d6f /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=9d7e20e7-8226-45f2-9015-51beec3c508e swap swap defaults 0 0 /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0
下载所需要的软件：
Openstack Juno——云计算平台软件
Openstack云计算软件能够将诸如计算能力、存储、网络和软件等资源抽象成服务，以便让用户可以通过互联网远程来享用，付费的形式也变得因需而定，拥有极强的虚拟可扩展性。
EPEL——系统的软件源仓库
EPEL是企业版额外的资源包，提供了默认不提供的软件安装包
Cirros——精简的操作系统
Cirros是一款极为精简的操作系统，一般用于灌装到Openstack服务平台中。
下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dENbzjz
下载完成后解压缩到/media目录下
[root@localhost ~]# ls /media
cdrom EPEL openstack-juno
挂载镜像
[root@localhost ~]# mount -a mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
配置本地yum源
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel.repo [base] name=base baseurl=file:///media/cdrom enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
配置EPEL源
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo [epel] name=epel baseurl=file:///media/EPEL enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
配置openstack源
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/openstack.repo [openstack] name=openstack baseurl=file:///media/openstack-juno enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
将/dev/sdb创建成逻辑卷，卷组名称为cinder-volumes：
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created [root@localhost ~]# vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb Volume group "cinder-volumes" successfully created
重启系统
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
安装Openstack的应答文件：
[root@openstack ~]# yum install openstack-packstack -y
安装openstack服务程序
[root@openstack ~]# packstack --allinone --provision-demo=n --nagios-install=n Welcome to Installer setup utility Packstack changed given value to required value /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub Installing: Clean Up [ DONE ] Setting up ssh keys [ DONE ] Discovering hosts' details [ DONE ] Adding pre install manifest entries [ DONE ] Preparing servers [ DONE ] Adding AMQP manifest entries [ DONE ] Adding MySQL manifest entries [ DONE ] Adding Keystone manifest entries [ DONE ] Adding Glance Keystone manifest entries [ DONE ] Adding Glance manifest entries [ DONE ] Adding Cinder Keystone manifest entries [ DONE ] Adding Cinder manifest entries [ DONE ] Checking if the Cinder server has a cinder-volumes vg[ DONE ] Adding Nova API manifest entries [ DONE ] Adding Nova Keystone manifest entries [ DONE ] ............... 192.168.0.70_ceilometer.pp: [ DONE ] Applying 192.168.0.70_postscript.pp 192.168.0.70_postscript.pp: [ DONE ] Applying Puppet manifests [ DONE ] Finalizing [ DONE ] **** Installation completed successfully ****** Additional information: * A new answerfile was created in: /root/packstack-answers-20160818-190030.txt * Time synchronization installation was skipped. Please note that unsynchronized time on server instances might be problem for some OpenStack components. * Did not create a cinder volume group, one already existed * File /root/keystonerc_admin has been created on OpenStack client host 192.168.0.70. To use the command line tools you need to source the file. * To access the OpenStack Dashboard browse to http://192.168.0.70/dashboard . Please, find your login credentials stored in the keystonerc_admin in your home directory. * Because of the kernel update the host 192.168.0.70 requires reboot. * The installation log file is available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20160818-190030-e7R9hq/openstack-setup.log * The generated manifests are available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20160818-190030-e7R9hq/manifests
ps:中间不要任何操作，需要的时间会有点长。
创建云平台的网卡配置文件：
[root@openstack network-scripts]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scriptsifcfg-br-ex DEVICE=br-ex IPADDR=192.168.0.70 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 BOOTPROTO=static DNS1=114.114.114.114 GATEWAY=192.168.0.1 BROADCAST=192.168.0.254 NM_CONTROLLED=no DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no ONBOOT=yes DEVICETYPE=ovs TYPE="OVSIntPort" OVS_BRIDGE=br-ex
修改网卡参数信息为：
[root@openstack ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens192 DEVICE="ifcfg-ens192" ONBOOT=yes TYPE=OVSPort DEVICETYPE=ovs OVS_BRIDGE=br-ex NM_CONTROLLED=no IPV6INIT=no
将网卡设备添加到OVS网络中，如果是用ssh连接的主机，可能会断开连接，需要进入主机重启。
[root@openstack network-scripts]# ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex ens192
查看OVS网络
[root@openstack ~]# ovs-vsctl show 49e1a51d-7a57-4a4e-8f56-888d04aa738a Bridge br-int fail_mode: secure Port patch-tun Interface patch-tun type: patch options: {peer=patch-int} Port br-int Interface br-int type: internal Bridge br-ex Port "ifcfg-ens192" Interface "ifcfg-ens192" Port "ens192" Interface "ens192" Port br-ex Interface br-ex type: internal Bridge br-tun Port br-tun Interface br-tun type: internal Port patch-int Interface patch-int type: patch options: {peer=patch-tun} ovs_version: "2.1.3"
重启系统让网络设备同步：
[root@openstack ~]# reboot
执行身份认证脚本：
[root@openstack ~(keystone_admin)]# openstack-status == Nova services == openstack-nova-api: active openstack-nova-cert: active openstack-nova-compute: active openstack-nova-network: inactive (disabled on boot) openstack-nova-scheduler: active openstack-nova-volume: inactive (disabled on boot) openstack-nova-conductor: active == Glance services == openstack-glance-api: active openstack-glance-registry: active == Keystone service == openstack-keystone: active == Horizon service == openstack-dashboard: active == neutron services == neutron-server: active neutron-dhcp-agent: active neutron-l3-agent: active neutron-metadata-agent: active neutron-lbaas-agent: inactive (disabled on boot) neutron-openvswitch-agent: active neutron-linuxbridge-agent: inactive (disabled on boot) neutron-ryu-agent: inactive (disabled on boot) neutron-nec-agent: inactive (disabled on boot) neutron-mlnx-agent: inactive (disabled on boot) == Swift services == openstack-swift-proxy: active openstack-swift-account: active openstack-swift-container: active openstack-swift-object: active == Cinder services == openstack-cinder-api: active openstack-cinder-scheduler: active openstack-cinder-volume: active openstack-cinder-backup: active == Ceilometer services == openstack-ceilometer-api: active openstack-ceilometer-central: active openstack-ceilometer-compute: active openstack-ceilometer-collector: active openstack-ceilometer-alarm-notifier: active openstack-ceilometer-alarm-evaluator: active == Support services == libvirtd: active openvswitch: active dbus: active tgtd: inactive (disabled on boot) rabbitmq-server: active memcached: active == Keystone users == +----------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------------+ | id | name | enabled | email | +----------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------------+ | 929ba701d3684df482f38f50049b90b1 | admin | True | test@test.com | | 81d8717c3ec64a90875943b6269f41c6 | ceilometer | True | ceilometer@localhost | | 407f301cfb1f4ec4b342395dbbccf936 | cinder | True | cinder@localhost | | 0258522bd7054991bf97f0088172fc4f | glance | True | glance@localhost | | d0ea154d896d4130b0ffff96a3259045 | neutron | True | neutron@localhost | | 929cb4518608498e8b05ee1b0b3dba0d | nova | True | nova@localhost | | f06a5593077b475a9192d9a83710487b | swift | True | swift@localhost | +----------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------------+ == Glance images == +----+------+-------------+------------------+------+--------+ | ID | Name | Disk Format | Container Format | Size | Status | +----+------+-------------+------------------+------+--------+ +----+------+-------------+------------------+------+--------+ == Nova managed services == +----+------------------+---------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+ | Id | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated_at | Disabled Reason | +----+------------------+---------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+ | 1 | nova-consoleauth | openstack.com | internal | enabled | up | 2016-08-19T02:05:36.000000 | - | | 2 | nova-scheduler | openstack.com | internal | enabled | up | 2016-08-19T02:05:36.000000 | - | | 3 | nova-conductor | openstack.com | internal | enabled | up | 2016-08-19T02:05:35.000000 | - | | 4 | nova-compute | openstack.com | nova | enabled | up | 2016-08-19T02:05:43.000000 | - | | 5 | nova-cert | openstack.com | internal | enabled | up | 2016-08-19T02:05:36.000000 | - | +----+------------------+---------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+ == Nova networks == +----+-------+------+ | ID | Label | Cidr | +----+-------+------+ +----+-------+------+ == Nova instance flavors == +----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | +----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | | 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | | 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True | | 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | | 8 | 1.0 | True | +----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ == Nova instances == +----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks | +----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+ +----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
打开浏览器，进入： http://192.168.0.70/dashboard
查看登陆的帐号密码：
[root@openstack ~(keystone_admin)]# cat keystonerc_admin export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=ad26d0df1e5a4287 export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.0.70:5000/v2.0/ export PS1='[\u@\h \W(keystone_admin)]\$ '
输入账户密码进入管理中心
使用Openstack服务
1.配置虚拟网络
要想让云平台中的虚拟实例机能够互相通信，并且让外部的用户访问到里面的数据，我们首先就必需配置好云平台中的网络环境。
Openstack创建网络：
编辑网络配置：
点击创建子网：
子网信息
填写子网详情(DHCP地址池中的IP地址用逗号间隔)：
子网详情
创建私有网络：
创建网络
填写网络信息：
设置网络详情：
查看网络信息：
添加路由信息：
填写路由名称：
设置路由的网关信息：
设置网关：
在网络拓扑中添加接口：
添加接口信息：
路由的接口信息(需要等待几秒钟后，刷新下网页，内部接口的状态会变成ACTIVE)：
创建云主机类型
我们可以预先设置多个云主机类型的模板，这样可以灵活的满足用户的需求，先来创建云主机类型：
填写云主机的基本信息：
创建上传镜像：
Cirros是一款极为精简的操作系统，非常小巧精简的Linux系统镜像，一般会在搭建Openstack后测试云计算平台可用性的系统，特点是体积小巧，速度极快，那么来上传Cirros系统镜像吧：
查看已上传的镜像(Cirros系统上传速度超级快吧!)：
创建主机实例
填写云主机详情
查看云主机的访问与安全规则：
将私有网络网卡添加到云主机：
查看安装后的脚本数据：
查看磁盘的分区方式：
主机实例的孵化过程大约需要10-30秒，然后查看已经运行的实例：
ps:注意要设置好系统的语言环境为英文环境，否则这里会报错：ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe5 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)
查看实例主机的网络拓扑（当前仅在内网中）：
为实例主机绑定浮动IP地址：
为主机实例添加浮动IP
选择绑定的IP地址：
将主机实例与IP地址关联：
此时再查看实例的信息，IP地址段就多了一个数据值（192.168.0.52）：
尝试从外部ping云主机实例（结果是失败的）：
原因是我们没有设置安全组规则，需要让外部流量允许进入到主机实例中：
填写策略组的名称与描述：
管理安全组的规则：
添加安全规则
允许所有的ICMP数据包流入（当然根据工作有时还需要选择TCP或UDP协议，此时仅为验证网络连通性）：
编辑实例的安全策略组：
将新建的安全组策略作用到主机实例上：
再次尝试从外部ping虚拟实例主机：
[root@openstack ~]# ping 192.168.0.52 PING 192.168.0.52 (192.168.0.52) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.0.52: icmp_seq=524 ttl=63 time=3.12 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.0.52: icmp_seq=525 ttl=63 time=0.988 ms
添加云硬盘
云计算平台的特性就是要能够灵活的，弹性的调整主机实例使用的资源，我们可以来为主机实例多挂载一块云硬盘，首先来创建云硬盘设备：
填写云硬盘的信息（以10GB为例）：
编辑挂载设备到主机云实例：
将云硬盘挂载到主机实例中：
查看云主机实例中的硬盘信息：
控制云主机实例
经过上面的一系列配置，我们此时已经创建出了一台能够交付给用户使用的云主机实例了，查看下云平台的信息：
编辑安全策略，允许TCP和UDP协议的数据流入到云主机实例中：
分别添加TCP和UDP的允许规则：
成功登陆到云主机实例中（默认帐号为"cirros"，密码为："cubswin:)"）：
[root@openstack ~]# ssh cirros@192.168.0.52 cirros@192.168.0.52's password: Permission denied, please try again. cirros@192.168.0.52's password: $
查看云主机实例的网络情况：
$ ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000 link/ether fa:16:3e:9e:86:da brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.10.10.52/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::f816:3eff:fe9e:86da/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever $
挂载刚刚创建的云硬盘设备：
$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev 494.3M 0 494.3M 0% /dev /dev/vda1 23.2M 18.0M 4.1M 82% / tmpfs 497.8M 0 497.8M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 200.0K 68.0K 132.0K 34% /run $ mkdir disk $ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb mke2fs 1.42.2 (27-Mar-2012) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 655360 inodes, 2621440 blocks 131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=2684354560 80 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done $ sudo mount /dev/vdb disk/ $ df -h Filesystem Size Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev 494.3M 0 494.3M 0% /dev /dev/vda1 23.2M 18.0M 4.1M 82% / tmpfs 497.8M 0 497.8M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 200.0K 68.0K 132.0K 34% /run /dev/vdb 9.8G 150.5M 9.2G 2% /home/cirros/disk $
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