java运行shell脚本方法示例

Java运行shell脚本方法

Java可以通过ProcessBuilder，Runtime和Process三种方式运行操作系统的命令，包括执行shell脚本。下面将详细讲解如何使用Java运行shell脚本。

方法一：ProcessBuilder

ProcessBuilder可以创建一个进程来执行操作系统命令。可以通过设置ProcessBuilder的参数来执行shell脚本。

示例一：执行简单的shell脚本，如显示当前目录下的文件列表。

ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("ls", "-l");
pb.directory(new File("."));
Process process = pb.start();
InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
    System.out.println(line);
}
process.waitFor();

示例二：执行包含变量的shell脚本，如执行带参数的脚本。

String[] cmdarray = {"/bin/sh", "-c", "echo $1;echo $2"};
ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder(cmdarray);
Map<String, String> env = pb.environment();
env.put("VAR1", "Hello");
env.put("VAR2", "World");
Process process = pb.start();
OutputStream outputStream = process.getOutputStream();
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
writer.println("$VAR1");
writer.flush();
writer.println("$VAR2");
writer.flush();
writer.close();
InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
    System.out.println(line);
}
process.waitFor();

方法二：Runtime

使用Runtime也可以运行shell脚本。

示例三：执行简单的shell脚本，如显示当前目录下的文件列表。

Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
Process process = runtime.exec("ls -l");
InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
    System.out.println(line);
}
process.waitFor();

示例四：执行带参数的shell脚本，如执行带变量的脚本。

Process process = runtime.exec(new String[] { "/bin/sh", "-c", "echo $VAR1;echo $VAR2" });
OutputStream outputStream = process.getOutputStream();
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
writer.println("VAR1=Hello");
writer.flush();
writer.println("VAR2=World");
writer.flush();
writer.close();
InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
    System.out.println(line);
}
process.waitFor();

方法三：Process

使用Process也可以运行shell脚本。

示例五：执行简单的shell脚本，如显示当前目录下的文件列表。

Process process = ProcessBuilder.start(new String[] { "/bin/sh", "-c", "ls -l" });
InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
    System.out.println(line);
}
process.waitFor();

示例六：执行带参数的shell脚本，如执行带变量的脚本。

Process process = ProcessBuilder.start(new String[] { "/bin/sh", "-c", "echo $VAR3" });
OutputStream outputStream = process.getOutputStream();
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
writer.println("VAR3=Hello World");
writer.flush();    
writer.close();
InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
    System.out.println(line);
}
process.waitFor();

以上就是Java运行shell脚本的完整攻略，包括ProcessBuilder、Runtime和Process三种方式的示例代码。您可以根据实际需求选择合适的方式。