下面是使用SpringBoot+AOP实现可插拔式日志的完整攻略。
什么是SpringBoot+AOP
Spring AOP（Aspect Oriented Programming）是Spring框架中的一个重要模块，用于将额外的行为（横切逻辑）注入到系统中的特定点。SpringBoot是Spring框架的一个特殊版本，通过预先配置好常用的Bean并提供自动配置的功能，简化了使用Spring框架的流程。SpringBoot+ AOP就是指在SpringBoot框架中使用AOP模块实现横切的功能。
使用SpringBoot+AOP实现可插拔式日志的示例代码
什么是可插拔式日志？
可插拔式日志是指系统中的日志在架构层面进行抽象封装，使用独立的模块或组件实现具体的日志记录功能。通过组件化的方式来实现日志记录，可以使日志的记录方式与应用程序的其它部分相互独立，并且可以通过更换组件的方式进行日志存储、过滤等高级功能调整，从而实现更加灵活、可扩展的日志记录方案。
实现步骤
下面介绍如何使用SpringBoot+AOP实现可插拔式日志的示例代码，包含以下步骤：
- 定义日志接口并实现具体的日志记录功能
- 创建切面类，定义切点及切入点
- 使用@Aspect注解将切面类定义为切面
- 在代码中使用注入AOP之后的Bean，触发切面记录日志
示例1：将日志输出到控制台
第1步：定义日志接口并实现具体的日志记录功能
public interface LoggerService {
void trace(String msg);
void debug(String msg);
void info(String msg);
void warn(String msg);
void error(String msg);
}
@Component
public class ConsoleLoggerServiceImpl implements LoggerService {
public void trace(String msg) {
System.out.println("[TRACE] " + msg);
}
public void debug(String msg) {
System.out.println("[DEBUG] " + msg);
}
public void info(String msg) {
System.out.println("[INFO] " + msg);
}
public void warn(String msg) {
System.out.println("[WARN] " + msg);
}
public void error(String msg) {
System.out.println("[ERROR] " + msg);
}
}
第2步：创建切面类，定义切点及切入点
@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggerAspect {
private static final String EXECUTION = "execution(* com.example.demo.controller.*.*(..))";
@Autowired
private LoggerService loggerService;
@Pointcut(EXECUTION)
private void logPointcut() {}
@Before("logPointcut()")
public void logBeforeAdvice(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
loggerService.debug("Start to execute method: " + joinPoint.getSignature().getName());
}
@AfterReturning(pointcut = "logPointcut()", returning = "result")
public void logAfterAdvice(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object result) {
loggerService.debug("Method " + joinPoint.getSignature().getName() + " returns with: " + result);
}
@AfterThrowing(pointcut = "logPointcut()", throwing = "e")
public void logAfterThrowingAdvice(JoinPoint joinPoint, Throwable e) {
loggerService.error("Method " + joinPoint.getSignature().getName() + " threw an exception: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
第3步：使用@Aspect注解将切面类定义为切面
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
第4步：在代码中使用注入AOP之后的Bean，触发切面记录日志
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);
@PostMapping("/add")
public User addUser(@RequestBody User user) {
logger.info("Add user: " + user);
return userService.addUser(user);
}
@GetMapping("/list")
public List<User> listUsers() {
logger.info("List all users");
return userService.listUsers();
}
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public User getUser(@PathVariable long id) {
logger.info("Get user: " + id);
return userService.getUser(id);
}
@PutMapping("/{id}")
public User updateUser(@PathVariable long id, @RequestBody User user) {
logger.info("Update user: " + id + " to " + user);
return userService.updateUser(id, user);
}
@DeleteMapping("/{id}")
public void deleteUser(@PathVariable long id) {
logger.info("Delete user: " + id);
userService.deleteUser(id);
}
}
示例2：将日志输出到文件
第1步：定义日志接口并实现具体的日志记录功能
public interface LoggerService {
void trace(String msg);
void debug(String msg);
void info(String msg);
void warn(String msg);
void error(String msg);
}
@Component
public class FileLoggerServiceImpl implements LoggerService {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FileLoggerServiceImpl.class);
public void trace(String msg) {
logger.trace(msg);
}
public void debug(String msg) {
logger.debug(msg);
}
public void info(String msg) {
logger.info(msg);
}
public void warn(String msg) {
logger.warn(msg);
}
public void error(String msg) {
logger.error(msg);
}
}
第2步：创建切面类，定义切点及切入点
@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggerAspect {
private static final String EXECUTION = "execution(* com.example.demo.controller.*.*(..))";
@Autowired
private LoggerService loggerService;
@Pointcut(EXECUTION)
private void logPointcut() {}
@Before("logPointcut()")
public void logBeforeAdvice(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
loggerService.debug("Start to execute method: " + joinPoint.getSignature().getName());
}
@AfterReturning(pointcut = "logPointcut()", returning = "result")
public void logAfterAdvice(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object result) {
loggerService.debug("Method " + joinPoint.getSignature().getName() + " returns with: " + result);
}
@AfterThrowing(pointcut = "logPointcut()", throwing = "e")
public void logAfterThrowingAdvice(JoinPoint joinPoint, Throwable e) {
loggerService.error("Method " + joinPoint.getSignature().getName() + " threw an exception: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
第3步：使用@Aspect注解将切面类定义为切面
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
第4步：在代码中使用注入AOP之后的Bean，触发切面记录日志
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);
@PostMapping("/add")
public User addUser(@RequestBody User user) {
logger.info("Add user: " + user);
return userService.addUser(user);
}
@GetMapping("/list")
public List<User> listUsers() {
logger.info("List all users");
return userService.listUsers();
}
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public User getUser(@PathVariable long id) {
logger.info("Get user: " + id);
return userService.getUser(id);
}
@PutMapping("/{id}")
public User updateUser(@PathVariable long id, @RequestBody User user) {
logger.info("Update user: " + id + " to " + user);
return userService.updateUser(id, user);
}
@DeleteMapping("/{id}")
public void deleteUser(@PathVariable long id) {
logger.info("Delete user: " + id);
userService.deleteUser(id);
}
}
以上就是使用SpringBoot+AOP实现可插拔式日志的示例代码。
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