下面我来为你详细讲解Java实现中文算数验证码的完整攻略。
思路
实现中文算数验证码,思路如下:
- 生成指定位数(如四位)的随机算式和结果;
- 将随机数字与其对应的中文词组成一个map,以便后面进行替换;
- 将算式中的数字替换为对应的中文;
- 将结果数字同样替换为对应的中文;
- 将算式和结果拼接成字符串,并返回到前端展示。
示例
下面是Java实现中文算数验证码的示例代码:
示例一
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;
public class MathCaptcha {
private static final int MIN_NUM = 0; // 最小数字
private static final int MAX_NUM = 20; // 最大数字
private static final int CAPTCHA_LEN = 4; // 验证码长度
private static final Random RANDOM = new Random();
public static String getCaptcha() {
// 随机生成算式
int num1 = RANDOM.nextInt(MAX_NUM - MIN_NUM + 1) + MIN_NUM;
int num2 = RANDOM.nextInt(MAX_NUM - MIN_NUM + 1) + MIN_NUM;
int result = 0;
String op = "";
switch (RANDOM.nextInt(4)) {
case 0:
result = num1 + num2;
op = "+";
break;
case 1:
result = num1 - num2;
op = "-";
break;
case 2:
result = num1 * num2;
op = "*";
break;
case 3:
result = num1 / num2;
op = "/";
break;
default:
break;
}
// 生成数字与中文的对应map
Map<Integer, String> numMap = new HashMap<>();
numMap.put(0, "零");
numMap.put(1, "一");
numMap.put(2, "二");
numMap.put(3, "三");
numMap.put(4, "四");
numMap.put(5, "五");
numMap.put(6, "六");
numMap.put(7, "七");
numMap.put(8, "八");
numMap.put(9, "九");
numMap.put(10, "十");
numMap.put(100, "百");
numMap.put(1000, "千");
// 将算式中的数字替换为中文
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String[] arr = String.valueOf(num1).split("");
for (String s : arr) {
sb.append(numMap.get(Integer.parseInt(s)));
}
sb.append(op);
arr = String.valueOf(num2).split("");
for (String s : arr) {
sb.append(numMap.get(Integer.parseInt(s)));
}
sb.append("等于多少?");
// 将结果数字替换为中文
String[] resultArr = String.valueOf(result).split("");
StringBuilder resultSb = new StringBuilder();
for (String s : resultArr) {
resultSb.append(numMap.get(Integer.parseInt(s)));
}
return sb.toString() + resultSb.toString();
}
}
以上代码中,getCaptcha()方法用于生成中文算数验证码。生成随机算式、随机数字与中文的对应map、将算式中的数字替换为中文、将结果数字替换为中文,最后返回生成的中文算数验证码的字符串。
示例二
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;
public class MathCaptcha {
private static final int MIN_NUM = 0; // 最小数字
private static final int MAX_NUM = 20; // 最大数字
private static final int CAPTCHA_LEN = 4; // 验证码长度
private static final Random RANDOM = new Random();
private static final String[] OPERATORS = {"+", "-", "*", "/"};
public static String getCaptcha() {
// 随机生成算式
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
int result = RANDOM.nextInt(MAX_NUM - MIN_NUM + 1) + MIN_NUM;
sb.append(randomNumToChinese(result));
String operator = OPERATORS[RANDOM.nextInt(OPERATORS.length)];
sb.append(operator);
int num1 = RANDOM.nextInt(result + 1);
sb.append(randomNumToChinese(num1));
int num2 = 0;
switch (operator) {
case "+":
num2 = result - num1;
break;
case "-":
num2 = num1 - result;
break;
case "*":
num2 = result / num1;
break;
case "/":
num2 = num1 / result;
break;
default:
break;
}
sb.append(randomNumToChinese(num2));
sb.append("等于多少?");
return sb.toString();
}
private static String randomNumToChinese(int num) {
if (num < 0 || num > 100) {
return "";
}
if (num == 0) {
return "零";
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
if (num >= 10) {
int shi = num / 10;
sb.append(getNumChinese(shi)).append("十");
num = num % 10;
}
if (num > 0) {
sb.append(getNumChinese(num));
}
return sb.toString();
}
private static String getNumChinese(int num) {
Map<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put(1, "一");
map.put(2, "二");
map.put(3, "三");
map.put(4, "四");
map.put(5, "五");
map.put(6, "六");
map.put(7, "七");
map.put(8, "八");
map.put(9, "九");
return map.get(num);
}
}
以上代码中,getCaptcha()方法用于生成中文算数验证码。生成随机算式、将算式中的数字替换为中文,最后返回生成的中文算数验证码的字符串。并且在此示例中最终结果采用了算法来推导和计算。算法较为简单,即通过随机生成一个结果数字,再通过随机生成一个操作符和操作数,来最终生成一个正确的算式。
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