Linux下Mysql5.6 二进制安装过程

以下是Linux下Mysql5.6 二进制安装过程的完整攻略：

1、下载Mysql5.6安装包

在官方网站（https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html ）上下载对应的Linux二进制版本，下载后解压至指定目录。

示例1：假设下载的二进制文件名为mysql-5.6.50-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz，下载并解压至/opt/mysql/目录下。

2、准备安装环境

通过以下命令安装必备的依赖包：

yum -y install libaio

3、创建MySQL数据存储目录

在/opt/mysql/目录下创建MySQL数据存储目录，并设置权限：

mkdir -p /opt/mysql/data
chmod -R 755 /opt/mysql/data

4、初始化MySQL

将/data目录的权限赋予MySQL服务，并初始化：

chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql/data
cd /opt/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

5、设置MySQL配置文件

在/opt/mysql/目录下创建my.cnf文件，内容如下：

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /opt/mysql
datadir = /opt/mysql/data

character-set-server=utf8
max_connections=1024

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

6、启动MySQL服务

使用以下命令启动MySQL服务：

cd /opt/mysql
./bin/mysqld_safe &

7、设置MySQL root用户密码

登录MySQL，并设置root用户密码：

./bin/mysql -u root mysql
update user set password=PASSWORD('your_password') where user='root';
flush privileges;
exit;

8、设置启动MySQL服务脚本

创建/etc/my.cnf文件，内容如下：

[mysqld]
datadir=/opt/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/opt/mysql/data/mysqld.log
pid-file=/opt/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

然后，在/etc/init.d/目录下创建mysqld文件，内容如下：

#!/bin/bash
#
# mysqld      This shell script takes care of starting and stopping
#             the MySQL subsystem (mysqld).
#
# chkconfig: - 64 36
# description: MySQL database server.
# processname: mysqld
# config: /etc/my.cnf
# pidfile: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

prog="mysqld"
datadir="/var/lib/mysql"
logfile="/var/log/mysql.log"

[ -f /etc/mysql/my.cnf ] && conf=/etc/mysql/my.cnf
[ -f /etc/my.cnf ] && conf=/etc/my.cnf
[ -z "$conf" ] && conf="$datadir/my.cnf"

# Get config
# or else...
mysqld_args=`$bindir/mysqld --print-defaults $other_args \
            | sed "s/^--//g" \
            | tr '\n' ' ' \
            | sed 's/  / /g' \
            | sed 's/ $//'`
if test -z "$mysqld_args" ; then
  # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf
  test -z "$basedir" && basedir=`awk '/\[mysqld\]/{flag=1} /basedir/{print $3;flag=0} END{}' $conf`
  test -z "$basedir" && basedir=/usr
  mysqld_args="--basedir=$basedir --datadir=$datadir --plugin-dir=$basedir/lib64/mysql/plugin $mysqld_args"
fi

start() {
    . /etc/sysconfig/network
    [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 1
    [ -x $bindir/mysqld_safe ] || exit 1
    [ -f $conf ] || exit 1
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    MYSQL_HOME=/usr/bin
    MYSQL_OPTS="--basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin $mysqld_args"
    export MYSQL_HOME MYSQL_OPTS
    daemon $MYSQL_HOME/mysqld $MYSQL_OPTS
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/mysqld
    return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/mysqld
    return $RETVAL
}

case "$1" in
  start)
    start
    ;;
  stop)
    stop
    ;;
  status)
    status $prog
    RETVAL=$?
    ;;
  restart)
    stop
    start
    ;;
  condrestart)
    if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/mysqld ]; then
        stop
        start
    fi
    ;;
  reload)
    mysqladmin reload
    RETVAL=$?
    ;;
  force-reload)
    restart
    ;;
  *)
    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|reload|force-reload}"
    exit 1
esac

exit $RETVAL

然后启动MySQL服务：

service mysqld start

到此为止，Mysql5.6在linux下的二进制安装已全部完成。