C# Websocket连接实现wss协议

C# Websocket连接实现wss协议攻略

前言

WebSocket 协议是一种基于 TCP 传输的全双工通信协议。它的目标是在 Web 浏览器和服务器之间建立实时通讯。wss 协议是一种加密协议，可以保证通讯过程中的数据安全性。本文将分享如何使用 C# 实现 wss 协议的 Websocket 通讯。

准备工作

在开始前，我们需要准备以下内容：

1. 最新版的 .NET Framewok；
2. 一个支持 SSL/TLS 的 Websocket 服务器，比如 WebSocket.org Echo Test；
3. 在 Visual Studio 中安装 WebSocket4Net 库。

实现过程

1. 创建 C# 项目；

2. 在项目中添加 WebSocket4Net 库，右键项目 -> 选择“管理 NuGet 程序包”，搜索 WebSocket4Net，安装最新版；

3. 首先需要创建一个 WebSocket 对象并设置相应参数：

using WebSocket4Net;

WebSocket websocket = new WebSocket("wss://echo.websocket.org");
websocket.AutoSendPingInterval = 10;
websocket.EnableAutoSendPing = true;

websocket.Security.EnabledSslProtocols = System.Security.Authentication.SslProtocols.Tls12;
websocket.Security.AllowUnstrustedCertificate = false;
websocket.Security.AllowNameMismatchCertificate = false;

其中，wss://echo.websocket.org 是一个使用 wss 协议的 Websocket 服务器地址。

1. 接下来，需要监听连接状态。WebSocket4Net 为 Closed、Opened、Error、MessageReceived 等事件提供了处理函数：

websocket.Closed += new EventHandler(websocket_Closed);
websocket.Opened += new EventHandler(websocket_Opened);
websocket.Error += new EventHandler<ErrorEventArgs>(websocket_Error);
websocket.MessageReceived += new EventHandler<MessageReceivedEventArgs>(websocket_MessageReceived);

void websocket_Opened(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    Console.WriteLine("连接成功！");
}

void websocket_Closed(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    Console.WriteLine("连接已关闭！");
}

void websocket_Error(object sender, ErrorEventArgs e)
{
    Console.WriteLine("连接发生错误！" + e.Exception.Message);
}

void websocket_MessageReceived(object sender, MessageReceivedEventArgs e)
{
    Console.WriteLine("消息接收成功！" + e.Message);
}

1. 连接并发送消息：

websocket.Open();
websocket.Send("Hello, WebSocket!");

完整代码示例：

using System;
using WebSocket4Net;

namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var websocket = new WebSocket("wss://echo.websocket.org");
            websocket.AutoSendPingInterval = 10;
            websocket.EnableAutoSendPing = true;

            websocket.Security.EnabledSslProtocols = System.Security.Authentication.SslProtocols.Tls12;
            websocket.Security.AllowUnstrustedCertificate = false;
            websocket.Security.AllowNameMismatchCertificate = false;

            websocket.Closed += new EventHandler(websocket_Closed);
            websocket.Opened += new EventHandler(websocket_Opened);
            websocket.Error += new EventHandler<ErrorEventArgs>(websocket_Error);
            websocket.MessageReceived += new EventHandler<MessageReceivedEventArgs>(websocket_MessageReceived);

            websocket.Open();
            websocket.Send("Hello, WebSocket!");

            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        static void websocket_Opened(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("连接成功！");
        }

        static void websocket_Closed(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("连接已关闭！");
        }

        static void websocket_Error(object sender, ErrorEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("连接发生错误！" + e.Exception.Message);
        }

        static void websocket_MessageReceived(object sender, MessageReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("消息接收成功！" + e.Message);
        }
    }
}

示例说明

以下是一个使用 c# 实现的简单聊天室示例：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using WebSocket4Net;

namespace WebSocketChatRoom
{
    /// <summary>
    /// WebSocket聊天室
    /// </summary>
    public class WebSocketChatRoom
    {
        WebSocket websocket = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 连接状态
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsConnected
        {
            get { return websocket.State == WebSocketState.Open; }
        }

        public WebSocketChatRoom()
        {
            websocket = new WebSocket("wss://chatroom-1252544027.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com:443");
            websocket.AutoSendPingInterval = 10;
            websocket.EnableAutoSendPing = true;
            websocket.Security.EnabledSslProtocols = System.Security.Authentication.SslProtocols.Tls12;
            websocket.Security.AllowUnstrustedCertificate = false;
            websocket.Security.AllowNameMismatchCertificate = false;

            websocket.Opened += new EventHandler(websocket_Opened);
            websocket.MessageReceived += new EventHandler<MessageReceivedEventArgs>(websocket_MessageReceived);
            websocket.Closed += new EventHandler(websocket_Closed);
            websocket.Error += new EventHandler<ErrorEventArgs>(websocket_Error);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 连接聊天室
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> ConnectAsync()
        {
            if (!IsConnected)
            {
                await websocket.OpenAsync();
            }
            return IsConnected;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 断开连接
        /// </summary>
        public void Disconnect()
        {
            if (IsConnected)
            {
                websocket.Close();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发送消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task<bool> SendMessageAsync(string message)
        {
            if (IsConnected)
            {
                await websocket.SendAsync(message);
                return IsConnected;
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        private void websocket_Opened(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("连接成功！");
        }

        private void websocket_Closed(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("连接已关闭！");
        }

        private void websocket_Error(object sender, ErrorEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("连接发生错误！" + e.Exception.Message);
        }

        private void websocket_MessageReceived(object sender, MessageReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("消息接收成功！" + e.Message);
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var chatroom = new WebSocketChatRoom();
            chatroom.ConnectAsync();
            chatroom.SendMessageAsync("Hello, WebSocket!");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

该示例连接了一个基于腾讯云 COS 的 WebSocket 服务器（wss://chatroom-1252544027.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com:443），通过 ConnectAsync() 方法连接，通过 SendMessageAsync() 方法发送消息。在消息接收成功后，会在控制台上输出消息内容。

总结

本文简单介绍了如何使用 C# 实现 wss 协议的 WebSocket 连接，并提供了一个聊天室示例。掌握这些技能后，我们可以在项目中使用 C# 实现实时通讯的功能，提升应用的使用体验。