如何实现Java Swing支持录音等功能的钢琴程序?
- 导入所需库文件
实现这个功能的Java库有很多,我们可以使用Java Sound API、Java Media Framework、JLGui和JLayer。为了方便起见,我们在这里使用Java Sound API来实现这个功能。我们需要导入下面的库文件:
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.sound</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.sound.sampled</artifactId>
<version>1.0.3</version>
</dependency>
- 创建GUI
创建Java Swing GUI界面,以及添加相应的组件,例如钢琴键和录音按钮等。
示例代码:
// 导入Swing库
import javax.swing.*;
public class PianoProgram extends JFrame {
// 定义录音按钮
private JButton recordButton;
public PianoProgram() {
// 设置标题
super("Java Swing Piano Program");
// 创建录音按钮,并添加点击事件监听器
recordButton = new JButton("Record");
recordButton.addActionListener(new RecordButtonListener());
// 把钢琴键和录音按钮添加到界面上
getContentPane().add(PianoKeysPanel.createPanel());
getContentPane().add(recordButton);
// 设置布局管理器
getContentPane().setLayout(new BoxLayout(getContentPane(), BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
// 设置窗口大小
setSize(500, 300);
// 设置关闭窗口时的行为
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
// 设置窗口可见
setVisible(true);
}
// 录音按钮的事件监听器
private class RecordButtonListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// TODO: 开始录音
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new PianoProgram();
}
}
- 配置录音
现在,我们需要在“Record”按钮的事件监听器中添加录音的代码。首先,我们需要找到“TargetDataLine”和“AudioFormat”:
// 查找支持录音的MixerDevice,初始化AudioFormat
Mixer.Info[] mixerInfo = AudioSystem.getMixerInfo();
for (Mixer.Info info : mixerInfo) {
Mixer mixer = AudioSystem.getMixer(info);
Line.Info[] lineInfos = mixer.getTargetLineInfo();
for (Line.Info lineInfo : lineInfos) {
Line line = null;
boolean opened = true;
try {
line = mixer.getLine(lineInfo);
opened = line.isOpen() || line instanceof Clip;
if (!opened) {
line.open();
}
AudioFormat[] formats = line.getFormats();
for (AudioFormat format : formats) {
if (format.getSampleSizeInBits() == 16
&& format.getChannels() == 1
&& format.getEncoding() == AudioFormat.Encoding.PCM_SIGNED) {
// 找到支持的目标格式
AudioFormat dataFormat = format;
TargetDataLine targetDataLine;
targetDataLine = (TargetDataLine) mixer.getLine(
new DataLine.Info(TargetDataLine.class, dataFormat));
}
}
} catch (LineUnavailableException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// Ignore
} finally {
if (line != null && !opened) {
line.close();
}
}
}
}
- 开始录音
现在,我们已经找到了“TargetDataLine”和“AudioFormat”,接下来我们可以编写代码开始录音。我们可以使用线程来执行录音。
// 开始录音
RecordThread recordThread = new RecordThread(targetDataLine, dataFormat);
recordThread.start();
示例代码:
private void startRecording() {
try {
// 查找支持录音的MixerDevice,初始化AudioFormat
Mixer.Info[] mixerInfo = AudioSystem.getMixerInfo();
for (Mixer.Info info : mixerInfo) {
Mixer mixer = AudioSystem.getMixer(info);
Line.Info[] lineInfos = mixer.getTargetLineInfo();
for (Line.Info lineInfo : lineInfos) {
Line line = null;
boolean opened = true;
try {
line = mixer.getLine(lineInfo);
opened = line.isOpen() || line instanceof Clip;
if (!opened) {
line.open();
}
AudioFormat[] formats = line.getFormats();
for (AudioFormat format : formats) {
if (format.getSampleSizeInBits() == 16 && format.getChannels() == 1
&& format.getEncoding() == AudioFormat.Encoding.PCM_SIGNED) {
// 找到支持的目标格式
AudioFormat dataFormat = format;
TargetDataLine targetDataLine;
targetDataLine = (TargetDataLine) mixer.getLine(
new DataLine.Info(TargetDataLine.class, dataFormat));
RecordThread recordThread = new RecordThread(targetDataLine, dataFormat);
recordThread.start();
}
}
} catch (LineUnavailableException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// Ignore
} finally {
if (line != null && !opened) {
line.close();
}
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
- 实现录音线程
现在,我们需要实现一个线程来执行录音。这个线程将录制用户的声音,然后将它保存到一个 WAV 文件中。
实现录音的线程示例代码:
public class RecordThread extends Thread {
private TargetDataLine targetDataLine;
private AudioFormat dataFormat;
public RecordThread(TargetDataLine targetDataLine, AudioFormat dataFormat) {
this.targetDataLine = targetDataLine;
this.dataFormat = dataFormat;
}
public void run() {
AudioInputStream audioStream = new AudioInputStream(targetDataLine);
File audioFile = new File("record.wav");
try {
AudioSystem.write(audioStream, AudioFileFormat.Type.WAVE, audioFile);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
- 结束录音
确认录音已经完成后,我们需要停止录音线程并保存录音。
示例代码:
private void stopRecording() {
targetDataLine.stop();
targetDataLine.close();
}
示例代码:
// 停止录音
StopRecording stopRecording = new StopRecording(targetDataLine);
stopRecording.start();
public class StopRecording extends Thread {
private TargetDataLine targetDataLine;
public StopRecording(TargetDataLine targetDataLine) {
this.targetDataLine = targetDataLine;
}
public void run() {
// 打断线程
targetDataLine.stop();
targetDataLine.close();
// TODO: 保存录音
}
}
- 保存录音
我们已经准备好了录音,现在我们需要将它保存到文件中。
示例代码:
private void saveRecording() {
FileDialog fileDialog = new FileDialog(this, "Save Recording", FileDialog.SAVE);
fileDialog.setFile("record.wav");
fileDialog.setVisible(true);
String filename = fileDialog.getFile();
if (filename != null) {
try {
File selectedFile = new File(fileDialog.getDirectory() + "/" + fileDialog.getFile());
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("record.wav");
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(selectedFile);
byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
int bytesRead;
while ((bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
}
fileInputStream.close();
fileOutputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
至此,我们已经实现了Java Swing支持录音等功能的钢琴程序。
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