python实现简易图书管理系统

下面是“python实现简易图书管理系统”的完整攻略：

1. 确定需求

在开发任何应用程序之前，首先需要明确需求。在这种情况下，我们需要了解编写的图书管理系统需要具备哪些功能。

基本上，图书管理系统需要能够执行以下任务：

• 添加图书
• 删除图书
• 更新图书信息
• 搜索图书信息
• 显示图书信息列表

在这个示例中，我们将编写一个简单的控制台应用程序来执行所有这些任务。

2. 设计数据模型

一旦确定了所需的功能，就需要设计数据模型。在这种情况下，我们需要了解如何存储和处理图书信息。可以为每本书定义以下属性：

• ISBN编号
• 书名
• 作者
• 出版日期
• 出版社

模型可以用Python类表示：

class Book:
    def __init__(self, isbn, title, author, published_date, published_by):
        self.isbn = isbn
        self.title = title
        self.author = author
        self.published_date = published_date
        self.published_by = published_by

3. 实现图书管理系统

现在，我们可以开始编写代码了，可以使用Python内置的数据类型进行存储处理。

首先，我们需要添加必要的库以及定义Book类。

import csv
import os

class Book:
    def __init__(self, isbn, title, author, published_date, published_by):
        self.isbn = isbn
        self.title = title
        self.author = author
        self.published_date = published_date
        self.published_by = published_by

接下来，我们需要实现以下功能：

• 添加一本书到图书列表
• 从图书列表中删除书
• 更新书的信息
• 搜索图书信息
• 显示所有图书列表

class Library:
    def __init__(self):
        self.book_list = []
        self.file_path = "book_list.csv"
        self.load_books()

    def add_book(self, book):
        self.book_list.append(book)
        self.save_books()

    def remove_book(self, book_isbn):
        self.book_list = [book for book in self.book_list if book.isbn != book_isbn]
        self.save_books()

    def update_book(self, book_isbn, book_property, new_value):
        for book in self.book_list:
            if book.isbn == book_isbn:
                setattr(book, book_property, new_value)
        self.save_books()

    def search_book(self, search_query):
        search_result = []
        for book in self.book_list:
            if search_query.lower() in book.title.lower() or search_query.lower() in book.author.lower():
                search_result.append(book)
        return search_result

    def display_books(self):
        print("List of books available in the Library")
        for book in self.book_list:
            print(f"ISBN: {book.isbn}\nTitle: {book.title}\nAuthor: {book.author}\nPublished Date: {book.published_date}\nPublished by: {book.published_by}\n")


    def load_books(self):
        if os.path.isfile(self.file_path):
            with open(self.file_path, "r") as file:
                csv_reader = csv.DictReader(file)
                for row in csv_reader:
                    book = Book(row['ISBN'], row['Title'], row['Author'], row['Published Date'], row['Published by'])
                    self.book_list.append(book)

    def save_books(self):
        with open(self.file_path, "w", newline="") as file:
            fieldnames = ['ISBN', 'Title', 'Author', 'Published Date', 'Published by']
            writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=fieldnames)
            writer.writeheader()

            for book in self.book_list:
                writer.writerow({'ISBN': book.isbn, 'Title': book.title, 'Author': book.author, 'Published Date': book.published_date, 'Published by': book.published_by})

4. 运行图书管理系统

一旦代码确定，就可以运行代码并测试它是否能够按照我们的期望执行。

以下是示例代码：

library = Library()

# Add book to the library
book = Book("1111", "Book 1", "Author 1", "2021/05/01", "Publisher 1")
library.add_book(book)

# Display list of available books
library.display_books()

# Update book information
library.update_book("1111", "published_by", "Publisher 2")
library.display_books()

# Search book by title or author
search_result = library.search_book("book")
print("Search Result:")
for book in search_result:
    print(f"ISBN: {book.isbn}\nTitle: {book.title}\nAuthor: {book.author}\nPublished Date: {book.published_date}\nPublished by: {book.published_by}\n")

# Remove book from the library
library.remove_book("1111")
library.display_books()

此代码添加了一个名为“Book 1”的书，然后通过调用display_books方法显示了这本书。接下来，我们使用update_book方法更新书的信息、使用search_book方法搜索图书和remove_book方法删除书。

以上代码的结果输出如下：

List of books available in the Library
ISBN: 1111
Title: Book 1
Author: Author 1
Published Date: 2021/05/01
Published by: Publisher 1

List of books available in the Library
ISBN: 1111
Title: Book 1
Author: Author 1
Published Date: 2021/05/01
Published by: Publisher 2

Search Result:
ISBN: 1111
Title: Book 1
Author: Author 1
Published Date: 2021/05/01
Published by: Publisher 2

List of books available in the Library