C语言代码实现简单三子棋游戏

简介

三子棋是一种经典的策略游戏，在游戏中两位玩家轮流放置棋子，直到有一方在棋盘上形成连续的三枚棋子为止。由于其简单而有趣，常被用于讲解人工智能、算法等知识点。本文将介绍如何使用C语言编写一个简单的三子棋游戏。

准备工作

在开始编码前，需要先准备好C语言的开发环境。推荐使用Visual Studio Code和MinGW来进行开发。另外需要掌握C语言的基本语法和数组的使用。

程序设计

设计思路

本游戏使用5x5的棋盘进行游戏，定义了三种状态：O表示玩家1放置的棋子，X表示玩家2放置的棋子，-表示空位置。在游戏开始时，由玩家1先手，两位玩家轮流放置棋子，直到有一方在棋盘上形成连续的三枚棋子。

实现步骤

1. 初始化棋盘

定义一个5x5的二维字符数组来表示棋盘，初始值全部设置为‘-’，即空。

char board[5][5] = {
    {'-', '-', '-', '-', '-'},
    {'-', '-', '-', '-', '-'},
    {'-', '-', '-', '-', '-'},
    {'-', '-', '-', '-', '-'},
    {'-', '-', '-', '-', '-'}
};

2. 游戏开始

在控制台输出欢迎语，并给出玩家1的指示。

printf("欢迎来玩三子棋游戏！\n");
while (1) {
    int row, col;
    printf("玩家1，请输入行列坐标（格式：x y）：");
    scanf("%d %d", &row, &col);
    // ...放置玩家1的棋子...
    // ...判断胜负...
    printf("玩家2，请输入行列坐标（格式：x y）：");
    scanf("%d %d", &row, &col);
    // ...放置玩家2的棋子...
    // ...判断胜负...
}

3. 给棋盘放置棋子

根据玩家的输入，确定要放置棋子的位置，并在棋盘上进行标记。

while (1) {
    int row, col;
    printf("玩家1，请输入行列坐标（格式：x y）：");
    scanf("%d %d", &row, &col);
    while (board[row][col] != '-') {
        printf("该位置已经有棋子了，请重新输入：");
        scanf("%d %d", &row, &col);
    }
    board[row][col] = 'O';
    // 绘制棋盘
    // 判断胜负
    printf("玩家2，请输入行列坐标（格式：x y）：");
    scanf("%d %d", &row, &col);
    // ...放置玩家2的棋子...
    // ...判断胜负...
}

4. 绘制棋盘

使用for循环逐行打印棋盘即可。

void draw_board() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
            printf("%c ", board[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

5. 判断胜负

判断胜负的方法比较直观。从横、竖、斜三个方向逐一扫描棋盘，对于每个位置，检查其所在的行、列、对角线是否连续三个相同的棋子。如果有，则对应的玩家胜利。

int check_win(char player) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        // 检查横向
        if (board[i][0] == player && board[i][1] == player && board[i][2] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (board[i][1] == player && board[i][2] == player && board[i][3] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (board[i][2] == player && board[i][3] == player && board[i][4] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
        // 检查竖向
        if (board[0][i] == player && board[1][i] == player && board[2][i] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (board[1][i] == player && board[2][i] == player && board[3][i] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (board[2][i] == player && board[3][i] == player && board[4][i] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
    }
    // 检查对角线
    if (board[0][0] == player && board[1][1] == player && board[2][2] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (board[1][1] == player && board[2][2] == player && board[3][3] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (board[2][2] == player && board[3][3] == player && board[4][4] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (board[0][4] == player && board[1][3] == player && board[2][2] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (board[1][3] == player && board[2][2] == player && board[3][1] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (board[2][2] == player && board[3][1] == player && board[4][0] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    // 没有胜出
    return 0;
}

6. 示例

可以使用以下代码来进行一次游戏示例：

#include <stdio.h>

char board[5][5] = {
    {'-', '-', '-', '-', '-'},
    {'-', '-', '-', '-', '-'},
    {'-', '-', '-', '-', '-'},
    {'-', '-', '-', '-', '-'},
    {'-', '-', '-', '-', '-'}
};

int check_win(char player) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        // 检查横向
        if (board[i][0] == player && board[i][1] == player && board[i][2] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (board[i][1] == player && board[i][2] == player && board[i][3] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (board[i][2] == player && board[i][3] == player && board[i][4] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
        // 检查竖向
        if (board[0][i] == player && board[1][i] == player && board[2][i] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (board[1][i] == player && board[2][i] == player && board[3][i] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (board[2][i] == player && board[3][i] == player && board[4][i] == player) {
            return 1;
        }
    }
    // 检查对角线
    if (board[0][0] == player && board[1][1] == player && board[2][2] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (board[1][1] == player && board[2][2] == player && board[3][3] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (board[2][2] == player && board[3][3] == player && board[4][4] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (board[0][4] == player && board[1][3] == player && board[2][2] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (board[1][3] == player && board[2][2] == player && board[3][1] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (board[2][2] == player && board[3][1] == player && board[4][0] == player) {
        return 1;
    }
    // 没有胜出
    return 0;
}

void draw_board() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
            printf("%c ", board[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

int main() {
    printf("欢迎来玩三子棋游戏！\n");
    while (1) {
        int row, col;
        printf("玩家1，请输入行列坐标（格式：x y）：");
        scanf("%d %d", &row, &col);
        while (board[row][col] != '-') {
            printf("该位置已经有棋子了，请重新输入：");
            scanf("%d %d", &row, &col);
        }
        board[row][col] = 'O';
        draw_board();
        if (check_win('O')) {
            printf("玩家1胜利！\n");
            break;
        }
        printf("玩家2，请输入行列坐标（格式：x y）：");
        scanf("%d %d", &row, &col);
        while (board[row][col] != '-') {
            printf("该位置已经有棋子了，请重新输入：");
            scanf("%d %d", &row, &col);
        }
        board[row][col] = 'X';
        draw_board();
        if (check_win('X')) {
            printf("玩家2胜利！\n");
            break;
        }
    }
}

总结

通过本文介绍，读者能够了解如何使用C语言编写一个简单的三子棋游戏，并能够基于此进行更加复杂的扩展。此外，读者还能够掌握C语言数组的基本用法，以及对于简单问题的解决思路。