C#实现远程关闭和重启计算机的示例代码

下面是关于C#实现远程关闭和重启计算机的攻略和示例代码：

1.理论知识

要实现远程关闭和重启计算机，需要使用Windows API函数，主要包括以下两个函数：

1. ExitWindowsEx：用于向本地或远程计算机发送关闭、注销、重启等命令；
2. WNetAddConnection2：用于在本地计算机建立远程网络连接，将本地的指定目录与远程目录进行映射。

除此之外，还需要设置Windows防火墙例外规则，允许远程计算机在网络上访问本地计算机。

2.代码实现

2.1 远程关机

要远程关机计算机，需要获取远程计算机的网络地址和管理员账户的用户名和密码。下面是示例代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace RemoteControl
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string remoteComputer = "remote-pc";  // 远程计算机的名称或IP地址
            string userName = "administrator";   // 管理员账户名
            string password = "password";   // 管理员账户密码

            // 在本地计算机上建立远程网络连接
            using (new NetworkConnection(remoteComputer, userName, password))
            {
                // 向远程计算机发送关闭命令
                ExitWindowsEx(0x00000008, 0);
            }
        }

        // Windows API函数
        [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        static extern bool ExitWindowsEx(uint uFlags, uint dwReason);
    }

    // 建立远程网络连接的类
    public class NetworkConnection : IDisposable
    {
        string _networkName;

        public NetworkConnection(string networkName, string userName, string password)
        {
            _networkName = networkName;

            // 建立远程网络连接
            var netResource = new NetResource
            {
                Scope = ResourceScope.GlobalNetwork,
                ResourceType = ResourceType.Disk,
                DisplayType = ResourceDisplayType.Share,
                RemoteName = _networkName
            };

            var userNamePtr = Marshal.StringToBSTR(userName);
            var passwordPtr = Marshal.StringToBSTR(password);
            var credential = new Credential
            {
                UserName = userName,
                Password = password,
                Type = CredentialType.DomainPassword
            };

            int result = WNetAddConnection2(netResource, passwordPtr, userNamePtr, 0);

            if (result != 0)
            {
                throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception(result);
            }
        }

        // 释放远程网络连接
        public void Dispose()
        {
            WNetCancelConnection2(_networkName, 0, true);
        }

        // Windows API函数
        [DllImport("mpr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern int WNetAddConnection2(NetResource netResource, string password, string username, uint flags);

        [DllImport("mpr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern int WNetCancelConnection2(string name, int flags, bool force);

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public class NetResource
        {
            public ResourceScope Scope;
            public ResourceType ResourceType;
            public ResourceDisplayType DisplayType;
            public int Usage;
            public string LocalName;
            public string RemoteName;
            public string Comment;
            public string Provider;
        }

        public enum ResourceScope : int
        {
            Connected = 1,
            GlobalNetwork,
            Remembered,
            Recent,
            Context
        };

        public enum ResourceType : int
        {
            Any = 0,
            Disk = 1,
            Print = 2,
            Reserved = 8,
        }

        public enum ResourceDisplayType : int
        {
            Generic = 0x0,
            Domain = 0x01,
            Server = 0x02,
            Share = 0x03,
            File = 0x04,
            Group = 0x05,
            Network = 0x06,
            Root = 0x07,
            Shareadmin = 0x08,
            Directory = 0x09,
            Tree = 0x0a,
            Ndscontainer = 0x0b
        }

        [Flags]
        public enum CredentialType : uint
        {
            None = 0x0,
            DomainPassword = 0x1,
            DomainCertificate = 0x2,
            DomainVisiblePassword = 0x4,
            Generic = 0x5,
            DomainExtended = 0x6,
            Maximum = 0x7fffffff,
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
        public struct Credential
        {
            public CredentialType Type;
            public string TargetName;
            public string Comment;
            public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME LastWritten;
            public byte[] CredentialBlob;
            public uint Persist;
            public string UserName;
            public string Password;
        }
    }
}

2.2 远程重启

要远程重启计算机，需要在上面示例代码的基础上增加一个超时时长参数，以便在发送重启命令后等待远程计算机重新启动。下面是示例代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace RemoteControl
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string remoteComputer = "remote-pc";  // 远程计算机的名称或IP地址
            string userName = "administrator";   // 管理员账户名
            string password = "password";   // 管理员账户密码

            // 在本地计算机上建立远程网络连接
            using (new NetworkConnection(remoteComputer, userName, password))
            {
                // 向远程计算机发送重启命令
                ExitWindowsEx(0x00000002, 0);

                // 等待远程计算机重新启动
                Task.Delay(180 * 1000).Wait();
            }
        }

        // Windows API函数
        [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        static extern bool ExitWindowsEx(uint uFlags, uint dwReason);
    }

    // 建立远程网络连接的类，代码同上
}

3.总结

上述代码可以实现通过C#语言远程关闭和重启计算机，需要注意的是，在远程计算机上需要运行管理员权限的服务或服务进程，才能够正常接收到来自远程计算机的关闭和重启命令。同时还需要注意防火墙设置，允许对应端口的网络访问即可。