Pygame实战之经典泡泡龙小游戏

Pygame实战之经典泡泡龙小游戏攻略

一、前言

Pygame是一款Python中非常优秀的游戏开发库，提供了一些简单易用的API，方便开发游戏。本文将详细介绍如何使用Pygame开发经典泡泡龙小游戏。

二、游戏规则

游戏共有六种颜色的泡泡，玩家需要通过发射不同颜色的泡泡，使相邻的同色泡泡消除。

三、游戏实现

1.游戏初始化

在初始化时，需要导入Pygame库，并设置背景图、游戏窗口大小、泡泡大小等参数。

import pygame
import sys

pygame.init()
size = width, height = 600, 400
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
pygame.display.set_caption("泡泡龙小游戏")
bg_color = (255, 255, 255)

# 泡泡图片相关参数
bubble_width = 60
bubble_height = 60
bubble_space = 2
bubbles_color = [(255, 0, 0), (255, 165, 0), (255, 255, 0), (0, 128, 0), (0, 0, 255), (128, 0, 128)]

# ...

while True:
    # ...

2.绘制泡泡

在游戏初始化时，需要将泡泡图片导入，并绘制出地图上的所有泡泡。

# 加载泡泡的图片，放入数组中
bubbles = []
for i in range(len(bubbles_color)):
    for j in range(3):
        bubbles.append(pygame.image.load("image/bubble%d.png" % i))

# 绘制地图上的泡泡
bubble_map = [[-1] * 12 for _ in range(9)]
for i in range(9):
    for j in range(12):
        x = (j % 2) * bubble_width // 2 + j * bubble_width // 2 + 1
        y = i * bubble_height + 1
        bubble_map[i][j] = pygame.Rect(x, y, bubble_width - bubble_space, bubble_height - bubble_space)
        if (i * 12 + j) % 2 == 0:
            color_num = (i * 12 + j) // 2 % len(bubbles_color)
            screen.blit(bubbles[color_num], bubble_map[i][j])
        else:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, bg_color, bubble_map[i][j])

3.发射泡泡

在游戏运行时，玩家需要发射不同颜色的泡泡，通过箭头来控制泡泡的发射方向和力度。

# 发射泡泡
arrow_pos_x = 300
arrow_pos_y = 374
arrow_angle = 0
arrow_speed = 0
arrow_view = pygame.image.load("image/arrow.png")
arrow_rect = arrow_view.get_rect()
arrow_rect.center = (arrow_pos_x, arrow_pos_y)

while True:
    # ...
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            sys.exit()
        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            # 发射泡泡
            if arrow_speed == 0:
                arrow_speed = 10
        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
            # 控制箭头方向与力度
            mouse_x, mouse_y = event.pos
            arrow_angle = math.atan2(mouse_y - arrow_pos_y, mouse_x - arrow_pos_x)
            arrow_speed = int(math.sqrt((mouse_x - arrow_pos_x) ** 2 + (mouse_y - arrow_pos_y) ** 2) / 30)
    arrow_pos_x += arrow_speed * math.cos(arrow_angle)
    arrow_pos_y += arrow_speed * math.sin(arrow_angle)
    screen.blit(arrow_view, arrow_rect)

4.添加物理效果

在发射泡泡后，泡泡需要受到物理效果的影响，移动到最近的相邻泡泡处。

# 泡泡加速度和速度
Bubble_MAX_SPEED = 15
Bubble_MIN_SPEED = 4
Bubble_ACCELERATION = 0.1

while True:
    # 判断泡泡是否发射
    if arrow_speed > 0:
        arrow_speed -= Bubble_ACCELERATION
        if arrow_speed < Bubble_MIN_SPEED:
            arrow_speed = 0
            bubble_pos_x = arrow_pos_x
            bubble_pos_y = arrow_pos_y
            bubble_angle = arrow_angle
            bubble_speed = Bubble_MIN_SPEED
            bubble_color = random.choice(bubbles_color)
        else:
            bubble_pos_x = arrow_pos_x + arrow_speed * math.cos(arrow_angle)
            bubble_pos_y = arrow_pos_y + arrow_speed * math.sin(arrow_angle)
            bubble_angle = arrow_angle
            bubble_speed = Arrow_MAX_SPEED - arrow_speed
        bubble_rect = pygame.Rect(bubble_pos_x - bubble_width // 2, bubble_pos_y - bubble_height // 2, bubble_width, bubble_height)
        pygame.draw.circle(screen, bubble_color, bubble_rect.center, bubble_width // 2)
        if bubble_pos_y < bubble_height // 2:
            # 泡泡已到达顶部
            arrow_speed = 0

    # 将泡泡移动到最近的相邻泡泡处
    else:
        move_x = bubble_speed * math.cos(bubble_angle)
        move_y = bubble_speed * math.sin(bubble_angle)
        while True:
            row = int(bubble_rect.centery // bubble_height)
            col = int(bubble_rect.centerx // bubble_width * 2)
            col = col + (row % 2)
            if row < 0 or row >= len(bubble_map) or col < 0 or col >= len(bubble_map[0]) or bubble_map[row][col] == -1:
                break
            if bubble_rect.colliderect(bubble_map[row][col]):
                bubble_speed = 0
                bubble_rect.center = bubble_map[row][col].center
                row = int(bubble_rect.centery // bubble_height)
                col = int(bubble_rect.centerx // bubble_width * 2)
                col = col + (row % 2)
                bubble_map[row][col] = bubble_rect
                for i in range(len(bubbles_color)):
                    if i == bubble_color:
                        continue
                    if BFS(bubble_map, row, col, i):
                        for j in range(len(bubble_map)):
                            for k in range(len(bubble_map[j])):
                                if bubble_map[j][k] != -1:
                                    x = bubble_map[j][k].centerx
                                    y = bubble_map[j][k].centery
                                    screen.blit(bubbles[bubble_map[j][k].color], bubble_map[j][k])
                                else:
                                    x = (k % 2) * bubble_width // 2 + k * bubble_width // 2 + 1
                                    y = j * bubble_height + 1
                                    pygame.draw.rect(screen, bg_color, (x, y, bubble_width - bubble_space, bubble_height - bubble_space))
                        pygame.display.flip()
                        time.sleep(1)
                break
            else:
                bubble_rect.move_ip(move_x, move_y)
        pygame.draw.circle(screen, bubble_color, bubble_rect.center, bubble_width // 2)

    # ...

四、示例说明

1. 控制主角移动

在Pygame中，我们可以通过鼠标、键盘等方式来控制主角的移动，例如鼠标控制:

while True:
    # 监听事件
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            sys.exit()
        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            # 记录当前位置
            mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
            # 计算移动距离，并实现移动
            new_mouse_x, new_mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
            dx = new_mouse_x - mouse_x
            dy = new_mouse_y - mouse_y
            character.move(dx, dy)
    # ...

2. 实现音效

在Pygame中，我们可以通过混音器（Mixer）来实现音效播放，例如播放背景音乐和游戏音效:

pygame.mixer.init()
pygame.mixer.music.load("music/bg_music.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.5)
pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)

bubble_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("sound/bubble_sound.mp3")
bubble_sound.set_volume(0.5)

while True:
    # 发射泡泡时，播放音效
    if arrow_speed > 0:
        # ...
        bubble_sound.play()
        # ...