C# 获得本地通用网卡信息的示例代码

获取本地通用网卡信息是一个非常常见的需求，C#提供了System.Net.NetworkInformation命名空间下的NetworkInterface类来实现该功能。下面我们来详细讲解如何获得本地通用网卡信息的示例代码：

1.获取本地所有网卡信息

使用NetworkInterface类可以获取本地所有网卡信息，示例代码如下：

using System.Net.NetworkInformation;

NetworkInterface[] interfaces = NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces();
foreach (NetworkInterface n in interfaces)
{
    Console.WriteLine("=============");
    Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", n.Name);
    Console.WriteLine("Description: {0}", n.Description);
    Console.WriteLine("Type: {0}", n.NetworkInterfaceType);
    Console.WriteLine("Speed: {0}", n.Speed);
    Console.WriteLine("MAC: {0}", n.GetPhysicalAddress());
    Console.WriteLine("Is Receive Only: {0}", n.IsReceiveOnly);
    Console.WriteLine("Is Up: {0}", n.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up);
}

在上述代码中，我们通过调用NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces()方法获取本地所有网卡信息，然后使用foreach遍历所有网卡。接着我们打印每个网卡的Name、Description、NetworkInterfaceType、Speed、MAC等信息。

2.获取本地默认网关对应的网卡信息

本地默认网关是指没有指定目标地址时，操作系统所选用的默认出口网关。我们可以通过获取本地默认路由来获得本地默认网关的IP地址，然后通过IP地址获取对应的网卡信息，示例代码如下：

using System.Net;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;

IPAddress gateway = null;
NetworkInterface gatewayInterface = null;

foreach (NetworkInterface n in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
{
    IPInterfaceProperties ipProps = n.GetIPProperties();
    foreach (GatewayIPAddressInformation gatewayAddr in ipProps.GatewayAddresses)
    {
        if (gatewayAddr.Address.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
        {
            gateway = gatewayAddr.Address;
            gatewayInterface = n;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (gateway != null) break;
}

Console.WriteLine("Default Gateway: {0}", gateway.ToString());
Console.WriteLine("Default Gateway Interface:");
Console.WriteLine("Description: {0}", gatewayInterface.Description);
Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", gatewayInterface.Name);
Console.WriteLine("Type: {0}", gatewayInterface.NetworkInterfaceType);
Console.WriteLine("Speed: {0}", gatewayInterface.Speed);
Console.WriteLine("MAC: {0}", gatewayInterface.GetPhysicalAddress());
Console.WriteLine("Is Receive Only: {0}", gatewayInterface.IsReceiveOnly);
Console.WriteLine("Is Up: {0}", gatewayInterface.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up);

在上述代码中，我们首先通过遍历所有网卡的GatewayAddresses属性，找到本地默认网关对应的IP地址。接着遍历所有网卡，找到对应默认网关的网卡信息。最后打印对应网卡的Name、Description、NetworkInterfaceType、Speed、MAC等信息。

这两个示例代码可以帮助开发者了解如何使用C#来获取本地通用网卡信息。根据实际需要，开发者可以进一步修改代码，以满足自己的需求。